electricity Flashcards
what is a charge carrier
a charged particle that can carry the flow of charge e.g. an electron or an ion
what does charge is quantised mean
charge is measured in a multiple of the charge of an electron/proton (e +- 1.602*10^-19 C)
if n amount of electrons are removed from a neutral object what is its charge
n(+e)
what is an electrolyte
a liquid containing ions that can carry the flow of charge
what is a conductor
a material that allows the movement of flow of charge
what direction is conventional current
positive to negative
which direction is current (the way the electrons travel)
negative to positive
what is an ion
a charged atom
what is a cation
a positively charged ion
what is an anion
a negatively charged ion
what is a cathode
a negatively charged electrode
what is an anode
a positively charged electrode
how is an ammeter connected
in series
how is a voltmeter connected
in parallel
what is the resistance of an ideal ammeter
0 ohms
what is kirchoffs first law
in a circuit, the sum of currents entering a node is equal to the sum of the currents leaving
what is the equation using number density, cross sectional area, elementary charge, mean drift velocity, and current
I=nAve
what is I
current [a]
what is V_d
mean drift velocity [m/s]
what is V
potential difference/voltage [v]
what is A
cross sectional area [mm^2]
what is n
number density [m^-3]
what is e
elementary charge (+- 1.602*10^-19C)
what is an insulator
a material that has a low number density of charge carriers
what is a semiconductor
a material with an medium amount of number density of charge carriers
what unit is equivalent to volts
[JC^-1]
what is electromotive force (EMF)
the work done per unit charge supplied to the charge carriers
