Electricity Flashcards
Percents of NRG and pros and cons
natural gas
Wind power
Solar power
Nuclear power
Natural gas holds 30%, pros: cheap cons: drilling destroys wildlife
Wind 3%, pros: no emission cons: unreliable
Solar 1%, pros: renewable cons: costs a lot to start
Nuclear 30%, pros: very efficient cons: costs a lot to open and maintain
What path does electricity take
Electricity goes from the power plant, to the step up transformer, voltage transmission line, substation, step down transformer, distribution lines.
Kirchhoff’s law for series circuit
In a series circuit the total of current flowing is identical in any spot. IT= I1=I2=I3
Kirchhoff’s law for parallel circuit
In a parallel circuit the total current flowing is divided among the branches. IT=I1+I2+I3
Why is the voltage stepped up before leaving the power plant
So it has enough energy to make it to our house
What is the top source of energy in Canada
Nuclear
Voltage equations
In a series circuit VT=V1+V2+V3.
In a parallel VT=V1=V2=V3
Q
i
🔺+
Meanings and short forms
Q-charge/electrons-C
i-current-c/s
🔺+-time-s
V
I
R
V-potential difference-v
i-current-A
R-resistance-ohm
What are amps?
The # of electrons passing a point in the circuit is the amps or current
Electric load
Converts the electrical into another form of energy. Ex lamp, stove, fan
Circuit control device
Controls the flow of electrical current in the circuit. Ex switch, fuse, circuit
Connectors
Provide the conducting paths between parts of the electrical circuit. Ex wires.
What is static electricity
A temporary, stationary electric charge that builds up on an object
Law of electric charges
Opposites attract
Sames repel
Neutral-p/n attract
Charging by friction
1.How do u do it
2.Whats the result
1.Rub 2 different things together
2.opposite charges
Charging by contact
1.How do you do it
2.What is the result
1.1 neutral is touched by a charged object
2.Both have the same charge
Eg. pos makes neutral pos and pos stays pos
Charging by induction
Temporary
1.How do you do it
2.What is the result
1.Bring a charged object close to neutral object
2.If not touched neutral stays neutral
Charging by induction
Permanent
1.How to do it
2.Whats the result
1.Same process as temporary so you bring a charged object to the neutral but then you ground the neutral object.
Ground=connect the object to the earth, electrons will flow either towards if pos or away if neg
2.Discharge the object gets the opposite charge. Neg rod will induce a pos charge🔄
Subatomic particle charge
Proton +
Neutron
Electron-
What are the 2 types of materials
Insulators, conductors
What is an insulator
Ex. Rug, ballon, plastic, fur/hair
They trap electrons
Involved in static electricity
What is a conductor
Ex. Wires, transformers, metals
Allow electrons to move
Current electricity
What is current electricity
The flow of electricity in a current. The more electricity flowing the stronger the current
Symbols
V
I
A
R
Ω
V-voltage
I-current
A-amps
Ω-ohms
What is an ammeter and what does it do
An ammeter is connected anywhere in series with the circuit being measured and it measures the number of amps
What is a voltmeter and what does it do
A voltmeter is connected in parallel in a circuit to measure the potential difference/volts between 2 points in a circuit.
Difference between a parallel and series curcuit
In a series circuit it’s a box so the current is the same throughout the circuit. A parallel circuit has multiple paths for the current to flow through so it can be divided separately because each component has its own branch
