Electricity

Question 1

static electricity (electrostatics)

Answer 1

is a charge that stays on the surface of an object

Question 2

laws of static charge

Answer 2

1) opposite charges attract
2) like charges repel
3) a charged object attracts an electrically neutral object

Question 3

3 ways of charging an object

Answer 3

1) friction
2) contact / conduction
3) induction
*electrons only move

Question 4

Friction

Answer 4

2 different material rubbing together so electrons get transferred

Question 5

conduction

Answer 5

charging an object by contact

Question 6

induction

Answer 6

charging an object by not touching it

Question 7

insulators

Answer 7

is a material that doesn’t allow electrons to pass through ex) wool, cotton, rubber

Question 8

conductors

Answer 8

is a material that easily allows electrons to pass through ex) metal and solutions containing water

Question 9

semi - conductors

Answer 9

is a material that conducts electrically fairly well ex)silicon

Question 10

grounding

Answer 10

easiest way to neutralize a charged object
-electrons travel to the ground

Question 11

current electrically

Answer 11

works all electrical appliances
- flows through a circuit - if they keep on moving its complete

Question 12

dry cell

Answer 12

battery

Question 13

series circuit

Answer 13

1 circuit path, same current flows through all the wires , ex) Christmas lights, if 1 light dies they all go out and if you add more loads it will give off less light

Question 14

parallel circuit

Answer 14

1+ circuit path, used in schools and homes, looks like a chain, add more loads the light will be the same

Question 15

voltage (volts)

Answer 15

a measure of how strong the current is in a circuit
measured by voltmeter

Question 16

electrical Current (amps)

Answer 16

the number of electrons that pass a specific point in the circuit
measured by ammeter

Question 17

electrical Resistance (ohms)

Answer 17

how strongly an object resists the current
measured by ammeter
connected around load

Question 18

electrode

Answer 18

positive (cathode) and negative (anthode)w

Question 19

wires

Answer 19

thin metal that allows electricity to flow through / connectors

Question 20

electrical cell

Answer 20

device that makes chemical energy into electrical

Question 21

2 types of electrical cells

Answer 21

primary (batteries) secondary (portable generator)

Question 22

electroscope

Answer 22

old science machine that detected charges (positive and negative) it can charge by induction and conduction

Question 23

electrostatics used in industry

Answer 23

photocopies, laser printers, air filters

Question 24

electrostatics painting

Answer 24

the item being painted has a negative charge, the paint is positive, so the negative and positive charges stick together

Question 25

AC vs DC circuits

Answer 25

2 types of electrical flow

Question 26

AC

Answer 26

the electrons flow back and forth

Question 27

DC

Answer 27

the electrons flow in a single direction

Question 28

potential difference

Answer 28

is the diff. in the energy that happens between 2 points measured by volts

Question 29

3 ways to discharge and object

Answer 29

grounding, exposure to air, discharge at 1 point

Question 30

electricity

Answer 30

the flow of electrical power or charge

Question 31

Types of energy

Answer 31

thermal, radiant, light, chemical, electrical

Question 32

ohms law named

Answer 32

George Ohms

Question 33

Ohms law

Answer 33

defines the relationship with voltage, current, and Resistance
V=IxR

Question 34

Units in ohms law

Answer 34

current=amps
voltage=volts
Resistance=ohms

Question 35

electrical resistance

Answer 35

resists the flow of electrons
Resistance makes the molecules and atoms rub together an cause heat

Question 36

3 ways to cause electrical resistance

Answer 36

1) length of wire - longer the wire the greater the resistance
2) thickness of wire - thinner the wire the greater the resistance
3)kind of metal

Question 37

Voltmeter

Answer 37

measures potential diff.
-plus and minus wire goes around preferred load

Question 38

Ammeter

Answer 38

used the same as a voltmeter
-connected right into the circuit/put before preferred load
-in series
-don’t connect to dry cell or outlet because fire

Question 39

Ohmmeter

Answer 39

• goes around preferred load
  -measures electrical resistance

Question 40

conserving energy

Answer 40

saving energy and is measured in KWH

Question 41

electrical meters

Answer 41

measures that amount of energy used
-now there are smart meters

Question 42

time-of-use prices

Answer 42

is when electricity is being used the most a least

Question 43

what do energy-efficient appliances have?

Answer 43

Energuide

Question 44

energy star

Answer 44

this label shows that the appliances meet government standard

Question 45

phantom load

Answer 45

when item is plugged in and not used so energy is wasted

Question 46

cost of electricity

Answer 46

efficiency = output/input x 100
-the input is usually bigger

Question 47

Joules –> kilo

Answer 47

divide by 1000

Question 48

kilo—>joules

Answer 48

multiply by 1000

Question 49

% of efficiency

Answer 49

measures how good appliances convert electrical energy into useful energy
-usually wasted in the form of heat, sound, vibration