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Physics GCSE (AQA) > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

Earthing

Definition

A

Connecting the charged body to the earth via a conductor

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2
Q

Uses of static electricity

List (3)

A
  • Spray-painting
  • Printers
  • Photocopiers
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3
Q

Static electricity

Definition

A

Charge that cannot move

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4
Q

Current

Definition

A

The rate of flow of charge

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5
Q

Charge

Equation

A

Current x Time

Q=IT

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6
Q

Open Switch

Definition

A

Stops current from flowing

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7
Q

Closed Switch

Definition

A

Allow current to flow

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8
Q

Cell

Definition

A

Source of EMF (potential difference)

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9
Q

Battery

Defintion

A
  • Provides EMF (potential difference)
  • Collection of cells
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10
Q

Diode

Definition

A
  • Allows current to flow in one direction

* When going forward=less resistance
* Other direction=More resistance

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11
Q

Resistor

Definition

A

Limits current by providing a set resistance in a circuit

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12
Q

Variable resistor

Definition

A

A resistor that can change its resistance

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13
Q

LED

Definition

A

A diode that emits light

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14
Q

Bulb

Definition

A

Converts electrical energy into light and heat energy

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15
Q

Fuse

Definition

A

Reduces current output for safety by melting if current gets too high

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16
Q

Voltmeter

Definition

A

Measures potential difference

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17
Q

Ammeter

Definition

A

Measures current

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18
Q

Thermistor

Definition

A
  • Decreases resistance as temperature increases
  • Resistance changes in response to temperature
19
Q

LDR

Definition

A

Resistance changes in response to light

20
Q

Series circuit

Definition

A

Only one path for current to flow through

21
Q

Parallel circut

Definition

A

More than one path for current to flow through

22
Q

Energy

Electricity 1

A

Charge x Potential difference

E=QV

23
Q

Potential Difference

Definition

A

The amount of electrical energy transferred per unit of charge

24
Q

Potential Difference

Equation

A

Current x Resistance

V=IR

25
Q

Resistor

Practical Summary

A

The graph should be a straight line through the origin

26
Q

Filament Bulb

Practical Summary

A

The graph sould be an S-shape

27
Q

Diode

Practical Summary

A

The graph is flat on 0 when in the negatives, but then curves up in the positives

28
Q

Rules for a Parallel Circuit

List (2)

A
  1. The potential difference across each branch is the same
  2. The total current in the main circuit is the sum of the current through the components
29
Q

Alternating Current

Definition

A

Current that oscilates back and forth/ changes direction

30
Q

Potential Difference of Mains Electricity

A

230V

31
Q

Frequency of Mains Electricity

A

50Hz

32
Q

Direct Current

Definition

A

Current that only flows in one direction

33
Q

Frequency

Equation

A

1/time for one wave

F=1/T

34
Q

Amplitude of Signal

Equation

A

Y-gain setting x Amplitude(cm)

35
Q

Tine for one wave

Equation

A

time base setting x wavelength(cm)

36
Q

Earth Wire

List (2)

A
  • Green and Yellow
  • Safety wire to stop appliance from going live
37
Q

Neutral wire

List (2)

A
  • Blue
  • Stays as close to 0V with respect to earth
38
Q

Live wire

List (2)

A
  • Brown
  • Alternates between positive and negative potential difference with respect to neutral
39
Q

Why do plugs have fuses?

A

If there is a high current, the fuse gets hot and melts, breaking the circuit and stopping any more current from flowing

40
Q

RCCB

A

Residual Current Circuit Breaker

41
Q

Step-up transformers

Use (2)

A
  • Used at power stations to transfer electricity to the National Grid
  • Used to make the size of the alternating potential difference much bigger, so the current is smaller
42
Q

Step-down transformers

Use (1)

A

Used to supply electricity from the National Grid to consumers

43
Q

Power

Equations (3)

A
  1. Energy transferred/ time
    P=E/T
  2. Current x p.d
    P=IV
  3. current ^ x resistance
    P=I^R

Physics GCSE (AQA) (7 decks)

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