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Science: Matter and energy > Electricity 15: Concepts, terms, and SI Units > Flashcards

Electricity 15: Concepts, terms, and SI Units Flashcards

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1
Q

Electricity that flows in only one direction is…

A

DC or Direct Current

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2
Q

Continually alternates direction (current)

A

AC Alternating Current

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3
Q

Why do electrons move from one place to another?

A

Because of the attraction and repulsion between electric charges

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4
Q

Does the wire carrying a current have an overall charge?

A

NO

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5
Q

The force with which an electric current flows is…

A

voltage

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6
Q

What is the SI unit of voltage?

A

volt

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7
Q

What is an instrument that measures voltage ?

A

voltmeter

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8
Q

What is the amount of charge flowing past a given point in a certain amount of time? ( Rate of charge flow)

A

Current

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9
Q

What is the SI unit of current?

A

Ampere —or informally the amp

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10
Q

What is the instrument that measures current

A

ammeter

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11
Q

What is the energy used per unit time; what is the formula that goes along with it? What is the SI unit?

A

Power;
P= VI; Power= Voltage(Current)
Watt

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12
Q

The amount of electrical energy used by the electrical device can be described by what term? And what is the formula for it (basically)?

A

The kilowatt-hour

kW•hr = power/ amount of time used (in hours)

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13
Q

What are objects that conduct electricity well?

A

conductor

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14
Q

Materials that do not carry current well are

A

insulator

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15
Q

If objects neither conduct or insulate… what are they?

A

Semiconductors

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16
Q

The amount a certain object hinders electron flow is

A

resistance

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17
Q

The unit of resistance is the

A

ohm, symbolized by omega

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18
Q

The instrument to measure resistance is the

A

ohmmeter

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19
Q

the energy used to overcome resistance is

A

Joule heat

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20
Q

What are the four factors that can reduce resistance

A

Type of material
Length of conductor
Diameter of conductor
Temperature

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21
Q

What law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance? What is the formula stated out?

A

Ohm’s law

V= IR Voltage=Current(Resistance)

22
Q

any electrical device designed to add resistance to a circuit is the

A

resistor

23
Q

the path of electrical current is

A

electrical circuit

24
Q 
What three parts do an electrical circuit contain? 
Hint: 
May be a battery or generator
Carries electrons around the circuit
Transforms energy into useful energy
A

Source of current
Conductors
Load

25
Q

A circuit that contains a complete path for the electrons to follow is a
One that does not allow for complete flow?

A

closed circuit

open circuit

26
Q

the flow of current through a circuit can be controlled by a

A

switch

27
Q

a narrow strip of metal housed in a protective case that cannot be replaced after blowing out is a

A

fuse

28
Q

an automatic switch that opens the circuit when current flowing through it exceeds a curtain amount is a

A

circuit breaker

29
Q

Fuses and circuit breakers not only help with short circuits, but also they help a situation when there are too many appliances plugged in to one circuit

A

overloaded circuit

30
Q

There is another method of safety with circuits to prevent electrocution

A

grounding

31
Q

Series Circuit

What is it’s relation to resistance voltage and current?

A

Current — Same
Resistance — equals the resistances of all the loads added up
Voltage — divided amongst the loads

32
Q

Parallel

What is the relation between current, resistance and voltage?

A

Current— divided among the loads
Resistance — the total resistance is decreased as more loads are added in parallel to the circuit
Voltage— the same throughout

33
Q

What produces light by heating a thin wire or filament to extremely hot?

A

Incandescent lamp

34
Q

What produces light by passing an electric current through a long tube filled with a low pressure mixture of mercury vapor and argon?

A

Fluorescent lamp

35
Q

What produces light by using semiconductors when direct current is applied

A

LEDs, or light-emitting diodes

36
Q

what converts electricity to back and forth motion ; Describe it

A

Solenoid

A wire with an iron coil with an iron bar free to slide — with a ball

37
Q

an electrical switch operated by an electromagnet is a …

A

relay

38
Q

What are the three main parts of the DC Motor?

What are the last part used for ?

A

Field magnet
Armature
Commutator
The commutator is used for reversing the current

39
Q

What are the three main parts of the AC Motor?

What is the last one used for?

A

Field Magnet
Armature
Slip Rings
They are used for not getting the wires tangled up

40
Q

The negative terminal contacts the cell’s…

The positive terminal contacts the cell’s …

A

anode

cathode

41
Q

cells can be arranged in series to boost …

A

voltage

42
Q

a group of electrochemical cells connected as a single source of current is the …

A

Battery

43
Q

cells can be arranged in parallel to boost the…

A

current

44
Q

The ability of magnetism to convert mechanical motion into electric current is called

A

electromagnetic induction

45
Q

What is a device that detects and measures very small electrical currents?

A

galvanometer

46
Q

To produce current, the lines of magnetic flux must be ….

A

cut

47
Q

What are the ways that the strength of magnetically induced current can be increased?

A

Strength of magnet( the more strength the better)
Speed of the magnet ( the more speed the better)
Number of coils ( the more the better)

48
Q

a devise that uses electromagnetic induction is a

The AC generator produces

A

generator

large amounts of electricity

49
Q

What can recharge the battery of an automobile?

A

alternators

50
Q

What generator uses a conducting fluid passing through a magnetic field at a high speed?

A

Magnetohydrodynamic generator

51
Q

When it is necessary to increase or decrease the voltage of an electric current— you can use a

More -
Less-
SU-
SD-

A

transformer
Step-up
step-down
I= Less voltage more current; O= more voltage less current after
I= more voltage less current; O= less current more voltage

Science: Matter and energy (1 decks)

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