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Grade 10 Physics > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

Electric charge?

A

Property of matter to attract or repel other materials. SI unit is coulomb (C)

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2
Q

Charge of electron?

A

1.6 x 10^-19 C
Q = n x e

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3
Q

Conductors?

A

Allow electrons to pass through them, has free mobile electrons in outermost shell.

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4
Q

Insulators?

A

Don’t allow current to pass through them. Don’t have free mobile electrons.

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5
Q

Semiconductors?

A

Allow some amount of electricity to pass through them.

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6
Q

Electric curent?

A

Rate of flow of electric charge. Unit is Ampere.
I = Q/T

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7
Q

Define ampere.

A

Flow of one coulomb of charge per second.
1A = 1C/1 second.

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8
Q

Ammetre?

A

Measure electric current in a circuit.

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9
Q

Potential difference?

A

Work done in moving a unit of positive electric charge from one point to another. (Measured with voltmeter.)

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10
Q

Electric potential?

A

Work done in moving a unit of positive electric charge from infinity to a certain point in an electric field. SI unit = Volt (V)

V = W/Q

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11
Q

Define one volt.

A

1 volt = 1 joule/1 coulomb

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12
Q

Electric circuit?

A

Continuous and closed path of electric current is called an electric circuit.

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13
Q

State ohms law.

A

At constant temperature, current flowing through circuit is directly proportional to potential difference applied across ends to conductor.
V = I x R

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14
Q

Resistance?

A

Property of a conductor to resist flow of charges through it. SI unit is ‘ohm’ Ω

1 Ω = 1 volt/1 ampere.

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15
Q

Variable resistance?

A

A component used to regulate current without changing the voltage source.

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16
Q

Rheostat?

A

Device used to change resistance of a circuit.

17
Q

Factors on which resistance of a circuit depends?

A

Crossectional area of wire
Length of wire
Nature of material of wire.

18
Q

Why tungsten is used a filament in bulbs?

A

Because tungsten is an alloy and doesn’t burn easily at high temperatures. (High melting point) 3380 degree celsius.

19
Q

Electrical resistivity/specific resistance?

A

Measure of resistance of conductor made of unit length and 1m crossectional area.

R = ρ L / A

20
Q

Resistance in series?

A

In series, current remains constant and potential difference changes.

Rs = R1 + R2 + R3

21
Q

Resistance in parallel?

A

Potential difference remains same but current changes.

1/Rp = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3

22
Q

Heating effect of electric current?

A

When an electric current passes through a conductor which acts as a resistance wire, the resisting nature of conductor results in rise in heat level of conductor with time. This phenomenon is known as heating effect of electric current.

H = I^2 x R x T

23
Q

Joules law of heating?

A

Implies that heat produced in a resistor is:
Directly proportional to square of current for a given resistance.
Directly proportional to resistance for a given current.
Directly proportional to time for which current flows through a resistor.

24
Q

Applications of heating effect of electric current?

A

Iron, toaster, oven, kettle are based on joules law of heating.

25
Q

Why is bulb filled with nitrogen and argon gases?

A

Bulb is filled with chemically inactive nitrogen and argon gases to prolong the life of filament.

26
Q

Is fuse connected in series or parallel?

A

Series.

27
Q

Fuse function?

A

Protects circuits and appliances by stopping the flow of unduly high electric current.

28
Q

Electric power?

A

Rate at which electrical energy is consumed in a circuit.
P = V x I
P = I^2 x R
P = V^2 / R
SI unit is Watt. (W)

29
Q

Define one watt?

A

Power consumed by a device that carries 1 ampere of current when operated at a potential difference of one volt.

1W = 1V x 1A

30
Q

Commercial unit of electrical energy?

A

Kwh
1kwh = 3.6 x 10^6 J

Grade 10 Physics (1 decks)

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