electrical signalling

Question 1

MCQ

Question 2

anatomy/ parts of the brain

Answer 2

5 parts:

forebrain:
- telencephalon
- diencephalon

midbrain:
- mesencephalon

hindbrain:
- metencephalon
- myelencephalon

Question 3

forebrain

Answer 3

telencephalon:

cerebral cortex (hipoccampus):
- memory

basal ganglia + limbic system:
- emotion
- reward
- motor functioning

diencephalon:

thalamus:
- sensory processing
- hypothalamus motivated behaviours e.g. eating, sleeping, sex

Question 4

midbrain

Answer 4

mesencephalon:

cerebellum:
- motor control
- cog functioning e.g. language, memory etc..

Question 5

hindbrain

Answer 5

metencephalon:

brain stem:
- connected to spinal cord
- basic physiological functions
- respiration
- HR
- sleep wake cycle regulation

myelencephalon:

pons:
- sleep
- respiration
- swallowing
- facial expressions + sensation
- posture

Question 6

lobes of cerebral hemisphere

Answer 6

• frontal lobe
• parietal lobe
• temporal lobe
• occipital lobe

Question 7

frontal lobe

Answer 7

motor + complex cog function

Question 8

parietal lobe

Answer 8

• perception of touch + where objects are
• attention

Question 9

temporal lobe

Answer 9

• hearing
• language
• complex visuals
• memory

Question 10

occipital lobe

Answer 10

visual processing

Question 11

basic structure of neurons

Answer 11

• cell body (soma)
• axons
• dendrites
• cell membrane
• myelin
• nodes of Ranvier

Question 12

cell body (soma) - structure of neuron

Answer 12

• metabolic control centre of neuron

Question 13

axons - structure of neuron

Answer 13

• projection from soma
• sends signals to other neurons
• only 1 axon

Question 14

dendrites - structure of neuron

Answer 14

• connect to axons from other neurons
• projections receive signals from these
• shorter in length than an axon
• many dendrites on a neuron

Question 15

cell membrane - structure of neuron

Answer 15

semipermeable membrane that encloses the neuron

Question 16

myelin - structure of neuron

Answer 16

fatty insulation around many axons

Question 17

nodes of Ranvier - structure of neuron

Answer 17

gaps between sections of myelin

Question 18

electrical signaling

Answer 18

• fast way to send info
• instantaneous, essential for survival

Question 19

generating an electrical impulse

Answer 19

• need a difference in the electric charge (voltage) between the inside/ outside
• intra- + extra-cellular fluid surrounding neurons are full of ions (+ve or -ve charge)
• RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL = difference in charge inside + outside of neuron