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1. A. Science: circuits etc.. > Electrical engineering > Flashcards

Electrical engineering Flashcards

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1
Q

Where are electrical components used?

A

Circuits in houses

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2
Q

Where are electronic components used?

A

Phone, tv

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3
Q

What types of material is used in electrical components?

A

Metals and alloys (conductors)

Ex: Copper

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4
Q

What types of material is used in electronic components?

A

Non-metals/Metalloids
(semi-conductors)
Ex: silicon

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5
Q

What is the size of circuits in electrical components?

A

Huge

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6
Q

What is the size of circuits in electronic components?

A

Micro (small)

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7
Q

How powerful are circuits in electrical components?

A

Powerful

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8
Q

How powerful are circuits in electronic components?

A

Minimal power

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9
Q

Describe direct current.

A

The electrons are flowing in one direction

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10
Q

Describe alternating current.

A

When the electrons flow back and forth, many times per second, in a regular pattern. Usually used in a power supply.

Helps keep V high to go to a greater distance from power station to home.

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11
Q

Study components.

A

do it

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12
Q

What is the function of a power supply?

A

Components that can generate or provide the energy that makes an electric current in a circuit

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13
Q

Advantages of batteries

A

Portable appliances

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14
Q

Disadvantages of batteries

A
  • Must be replaced after some time

- When thrown out, the cells in batteries can harm the environment

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15
Q

What are the different kinds of power supplies?

A
  • Batteries
  • Electrical outlet
  • Photovoltaic cell
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16
Q

Advantages of electrical outlets

A
  • Stable and long lasting

- Little greenhouse gas

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17
Q

Disadvantages of electrical outlets

A
  • Hydroelectric dams cause flooding
  • Appliances can’t be moved far from wall outlet
  • Appliances don’t work during power outages
18
Q

Advantages of photovoltaic cells

A
  • Can be used in isolated areas
  • Power portable devices
  • No greenhouse gas emissions
  • Life span 20-30 years
19
Q

Disadvantages of photovoltaic cells

A
  • Operation depends on weather conditions

- Very expensive to install

20
Q

Describe the function of a switch

A
  • To control
  • Gives user control
  • The component that can turn the circuit on and off
21
Q

What does the amount of poles affect?

A

The number of contacts open

number of switches

22
Q

What does the amount of throws affect?

A

The number of circuit options/paths for electrons to be activated
(amount of circuits which can be turned on/off)

23
Q

Define double throw

A

(bi-directional)

There are 2 different circuit options

24
Q

Define single throw

A

(mono-directional)

Only 1 path for electrons can be activated

25
Q

Define single pole.

Double pole.

A

Single: 1 contact opens

Double: 2 contacts open

26
Q

What are the different types of switches?

A
  • Push button
  • Lever (toggle)
  • Flip flop (rocker)
  • Magnetic contact switch
27
Q

What is the function of a conductor? Give examples.

A

Component that can conduct electric current from one part of a circuit to another

Ex: Copper, gold wire

28
Q

What is the function of insulators/insulation?

A

Component that can insulate the flow of electrons (from point A to point B)

29
Q

Describe the function of fuses/breakers?

A

Component that protects. It automatically stops current flow in the case of a power surge

30
Q

Describe fuses

A
  • Function: protect
  • Container with a conductive wire inside with low heat resistance
    When current intensity is too high the filament melts/breaks due to intense heat of moving electrons stops current flow in the event of too much current/power
  • Fuse must be replaced once filament breaks
31
Q

Describe breakers

A
  • Function: Protect
  • A switch (control) with a metal strip inside
  • When current intensity is too high, the bimetallic strip gets hot and bends and therefore prevents an electric current from flowing through the circuit
  • Flick the switch to re-establish the flow of electric current
32
Q

Describe the energy transformation in light bulbs/LEDs.

A

Electrical energy–> Light and heat

33
Q

Describe the energy transformation in batteries.

A
  • Function: to power

In use:
Chemical energy –> Electrical energy and heat

Being charged:
Electrical energy–> Chemical energy and heat

34
Q

Describe the energy transformation in motors

A

Electrical energy–> Mechanical energy and heat and sound

35
Q

Describe the energy transformation in speakers

A

Electrical energy –> sound and mechanical energy and heat

36
Q

Describe the energy transformation in audible warning devices

A

Electrical energy –> sound and heat

37
Q

Describe capacitors

A

A device composed of two electrical surfaces separated by an insulating material. It can store electrical charge (remove insulting material=quick discharge)

38
Q

What are capacitors used for?

A

Used as a back-up of electrical charge when there is a large power voltage drop or when you need a quick boost of charge (camera flash)

39
Q

Describe diodes

A

Diodes allow current to flow in only one direction

40
Q

Give an example of how DIODES (not LEDs) are useful

A

If you put your battery in the remote control backwards it doesn’t fry fragile electronic parts

41
Q

Why are LEDs useful?

A

Highly energy efficient
In: phone, computer screen, flats screen tvs, traffic light

  • LESS DISSIPATED ENERGY
42
Q

What is it called when electrical energy is transformed into heat?

A

Heat is dissipated energy

1. A. Science: circuits etc.. (2 decks)

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