Electric Vehicles

Question 1

What is the main component of electric vehicle?

Answer 1

Induction motor

Question 2

What are the main components of electric vehicle?

Answer 2

1. Battery
2. Power converter
3. Electric motor
4. Transmission drive shaft

Question 3

What are the three basic components of rechargeable batteries?

Answer 3

1. Energy storage unit
   2.Controller
2. Propeltion system

Question 4

What is the working of EVs?

Answer 4

1.An electric vehicle is powered by electric motor .
2. Electric motor gets the energy from the controller, which regulates amount of power based on driver’s acceleration paddle.
3.EVs use rechargeable batteries and have three basic components - energy storage unit, controller, propeltion system.
4. Energy storage unit have a way to store power. A chemical battery is the most common energy storage technology currently.
5. Controller acts as a gateway to electric motor. It moderates the power, will also as convertor from DC to AC.It might also increase or decrease amperage and it also the brain of the system.
6.Electric motor which is a propeltion system, converts electric power to physical energy for the movement.

Question 5

How batteries play a major role?

Answer 5

1. By providing the mechanical balance to the automobile.
2. And working as an energy source for the vehicle.

Question 6

Name the different types of batteries.

Answer 6

1. Li^+ ion batteries
2. Ni^+ metal hydride battery
   3.lead acid batteries
3. Ultra capacitors

Question 7

State the advantages and disadvantages of Li^+ ion batteries.

Answer 7

Advantages:
1. High energy per unit mass.
2. High power to weight ratio.
3. High energy efficiency.( Heat loss is less)
4. Low self discharge
5. Recycled easily.
Disadvantages:
1. Cost of metal recovery is a challenge.
2. Extraction of Li^+ from Li^+ ore consumes a lot of water which is not environment friendly.

Question 8

State the advantages and disadvantages of Ni^+ metal hydride battery.

Answer 8

Advantages:
1. Reasonably high energy per unit mass.
2. Much longer life than lead acid batteries and are safe.
3. Are widely used in hybrid electric vehicles.
Disadvantages:
1. High initial cost.
2. High self discharge.
3. Heat generation at high temperature.
4. Hydrogen loss is uncontrollable.

Question 9

State the advantages and disadvantages of lead acid batteries.

Answer 9

Advantages:
1. High power.
2. Inexpensive.
Disadvantages:
1. Poor port temperature performance.
2. Short life cycle.
3. Low specific energy.

Question 10

What are ultra capacitors?

Answer 10

These are the secondary storage devices used in EVs.

Question 11

What is EV transmission and what does it consists of?

Answer 11

The meaning of transmission is,the components which help in propelling the vehicle.
It consists of:
1. Electric motor which is an induction motor.
2. Invertor
3. Gear box