Electric fields Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an electric field?

A

region of space in which any object with charge will experience a force

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2
Q

Where do electric fields exist?

A

around all objects with charge

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3
Q

State Coulomb’s law in symbols.

A

F = (Q1Q2)/4pi(permeability or free space)r^2

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4
Q

Give the electric field strength at any point in a field.

A

E = F/Q

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5
Q

Give the unit of electric field strength.

A

NC^-1

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6
Q

Give the field strength for a radial electric field at a distance r from a point charge Q.

A

E = Q/4pi(permeability of free space)r^2

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7
Q

How can a uniform electric field be produced?

A

applying a potential difference between two parallel metal plates

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8
Q

Give the properties of a uniform electric field.

A

field strength and direction are the same at every point

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9
Q

Give the formula for the magnitude of the electric field strength at any point in a uniform field.

A

E = V/d

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10
Q

What kind of trajectory will a charged particle entering a uniform field in a direction initially perpendicular to the field have?

A

parabolic trajectory

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11
Q

Define the absolute electric potential at a point in an electric field.

A

work done per unit charge to bring a small positive test charge from infinity to that point

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12
Q

Give the formula for the magnitude of the absolute electric potential at a point in a radial field caused by a charge.

A

V = Q/4pi(permeability of free space)r

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13
Q

What is electric potential difference?

A

difference between the electric potential at two points in an electric field

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14
Q

Give the formula for the work done in moving a charge between two points in an electric field.

A

(delta)W = Q(delta)V

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15
Q

What is an equipotential surface in an electric field?

A

surface where the electric potential is the same at all points

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16
Q

How are equipotential surfaces arranged relative to field lines?

A

perpendicular to field lines

17
Q

What shape are the equipotential surfaces in a radial field, and a uniform field?

A

spheres; flat planes

18
Q

How is electric field strength related to potential difference?

A

E = (delta)V / (delta)r

19
Q

How can the electric field strength at any point in an electric field be found from the graph of V against r?

A

gradient of the graph at that point

20
Q

How can the potential difference between two points in a field be found from the graph of E against r?

A

area under the graph between those two points