Electoral Proccess (2)

Question 1

Example of candidate framing

Answer 1

Kerry emphasised his actions in Vietnam (2004)

Question 2

When was the last time a 3rd party candidate was allowed to partake in a TV debate

Answer 2

1992

—> only allowed if they are polling 15%

Question 3

What happened after the Nixon vs Kennedy (1960) TV debate + significance

Answer 3

Nixon was perceived as overly sweating
—> image plays a role in effecting the election

Question 4

Why is it harder for incumbents in debates

Answer 4

They have a record to defend

Question 5

What is the sociological model

Answer 5

voters are influenced by their class, ethnicity and ecological divisions (urban/rural)

Question 6

Who argued that voters are influenced by their class, ethnicity and ecological divisions (urban/rural)

Answer 6

McPhee (1954

Question 7

What is the Michigan model

Answer 7

Partisan ship is acquired through a socialization process
—> influenced colleagues and upbringing

Question 8

Why do people shift political allegiance under the Michigan model

Answer 8

It is based on reactions to big events in a persons life
—> e.g change in social status

Question 9

What is rational choice theory

Answer 9

Voters seek to maximise the utility of their vote

Question 10

How do African Americans vote

Answer 10

Never less than 83% support for democrats

Question 11

How do Republicans aim to gain the blck vote

Answer 11

School vouchers

Question 12

How do hispanics vote + why

Answer 12

Mainly for democrats although fluctuates
—> morally Catholic values = republican
—> immigration + poor = democrats

Question 13

What percentage of latinos voted for biden

Answer 13

61%

Question 14

What has led to outsider political ideologies becoming more popular in both parties + example

Answer 14

Inequality

Trump + Sanders in 2016 campaigned on how growth wasnt being shared with ordinary Americans

Question 15

2 Causes of political de-alignment

Answer 15

1. Greater political awareness / socialisation
2. New media

Question 16

3 causes for split ticket voting

Answer 16

1. Some voters seek a divided government
2. Republicans better governors…
3. Voters less swayed by a party label
   —> candidate centred campaigns

Question 17

What is the turnout for midterms + who isnt voting

Answer 17

35%

80% of young + poor people don’t vote

Question 18

Last time a 3rd party member was in the electoral college

Answer 18

1968 —> George wallace

Question 19

Why is participation low in US elections

Answer 19

1. Democratic overload
2. Lack of choice (2 party system)
3. Cynicism in the system
   (politics dominated by lobbyists)

Question 20

Weaknesses of the electoral college

Answer 20

1. Candidates focus on swing states
2. Small states are over represented
3. Unfair to third parties