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UK Politics > Elections & Referendums > Flashcards

Elections & Referendums Flashcards

1
Q

3 Majoritarian Electoral Systems?

A

Supplementary Vote
Alternative Vote
First Past the Post

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2
Q

2 Proportional Electoral Systems?

A

Single Transferable Vote

Additional Members System

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3
Q

What are Voting Behaviour Models?

A

Theories to explain the way in which we vote

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4
Q

What is a Manifesto?

A

declaration of a parties intentions if they were to form a government

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5
Q

What is a Campaign?

A

organised effort to influence the decision of voters - electoral campaigns

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6
Q

What determined the length of a parliament to a 5 year term?

A

Fixed Parliament Act 2011

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7
Q

What are the 4 most common elections in the UK?

A

Genral, By, Local, European Parliament

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8
Q

What is Suffrage?

A

Right to vote in political elections

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9
Q

General Election turn out in 2010, 2015 and 2016?

A

65%, 66%, 69%

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10
Q

Reasons for low turn-out at Elections?

A

lack of party identification (partisan dealignment), predictable result, parties are interchangeable (too similar)

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11
Q

What is the Supplementary Vote used for? + how does it work?

A

London Mayoral Elections

voters pick top 2 candidates, person with 50% majority wins.

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12
Q

3 Advantages of Majoritarian Electoral System?

A

Winner has a majority, strong government with a majority, easy to understand

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13
Q

2 Disdvantages of Majoritarian Electoral System?

A

deals with parties (Labour & Lib Dem to keep out tory), favour central parties (will be everyones second choice)

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14
Q

Advantages of FPTP Electoral System? (5)

A

Simple, Clear Outcome, Strong government, representative, keeps out extreme parties

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15
Q

Disadvantages of FPTP Electoral System?(3)

A

Disproportional Outcome, votes are wasted, plurality rather than majority of support.

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16
Q

What is the FPTP Electoral System?

A

Candidates can vote for one candidate, the candidate with the plurality (1 more than the candidate behind them) wins.

17
Q

What is a Safe Seat?

A

Same Party is always voted for

18
Q

What is a Marginal Seat?

A

different parties have a chance to win depending on the swing of each party at the time.

19
Q

What is Rational Choice Model?

A

Voting Behaviour; Voters evaluate parties & make a conscious decision based on their policies & reputation. (salient issues, swing & churn)

20
Q

What are salient issues?

A

Most important issues regarding Education, Taxation, Healthcare, immigration etc.

21
Q

What is Dominant Ideology Model?

A

Voting Behaviour; Voters are persuaded through outside influences (the media)

22
Q

What is Social Structure/Sociology Model?

A

Voting Behaviour; Voters vote depending on their age, ethnicity, class, gender, region etc.

23
Q

What would Partisan Dealignment since 1974 suggest?

A

No longer a clear relationship between individual & party.

24
Q

How has Class voting changed?

A

Working class Labour (Trade Unions) now vote Conservative

25
Q

What % did AB support for Labour increase by?

A

26% to 37% from 2010 to 2017

26
Q

What percentage of BAME voters voted Labour in 2015?

A

70%

27
Q

Why do ethnicities vote Labour?

A

Represent ethnic minorities through their policies & party members

28
Q

Proof of how disproportionate FPTP Electoral System is?

A

UKIP received 3.9 million votes

Greens 1.2 million

= one MP each.

29
Q

What % of 18-24 voted Labour & Conservative in 2017 GE?

A

60% Labour

24% Conservative

30
Q

What % of 65+ voted conservative in 2017 GE?

A

60%

31
Q

What is Selective Retention?

A

Remembering facts that reinforce our established ideas and forgetting what doesn’t.

32
Q

What is Selective Exposure?

A

Avoiding messages that conflict with our beliefs e.g. reading papers that support your party.

33
Q

What does the Electoral Commission do? (in regards to referendums)

A

Makes sure Referendums are conducted fairly, allocates funds to campaigns, checks question to make sure its not bias.

34
Q

3 Advantages of Referendum?

A

clear mandate
direct democracy
participation.

35
Q

6 Disadvantages of Referendum?

A 
Expensive
Unlevel financial support
Voter Fatigue
Oversimplified matter
Uneducated given a voice
Used as a protest as Outcomes are backed by parties
36
Q

Exit & Opinion Polls?

A

Exit- Voters asked how they voted on election day = accurate

Opinion- Find out how people intend to vote, e.g. 2017 conservative majority, not considering Young support for labour.

37
Q

How does the Alternative Vote System work?

A

Voters rank candidates in order of preference

38
Q

How does the Single Transferable vote System work?

A

Candidates ranked in order and then lowest candidates are eliminated until seats are filled (depends on seats available + number of votes)

39
Q

How does the Additional Members System work + when is it used?

A

FPTP + Party List system. e.g. Members of Scottish & Welsh Parliament/Assembly

UK Politics (6 decks)

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