Elections and Transitions Flashcards
__________ may serve as a tool for __-_______ of __________-_______ actors, e.g. _______
Elections, co-optation, strategically-relevant, elites
In _________ authoritarian regimes, elections are ________ ______ and difficult to ____________ since they are __________ _______. Contrast to some other __________ regimes which may not even have them - importance of ____________
competitive, bitterly fought, manipulate, independently verified, authoritarian, differentiating
_________ argues that we should look beyond the ‘_________ ________’ because the constraints facing ______________ _________ have _______/ are _______ (e.g. ICT __________, growth of _________ and _______ ______ networks, etc.)
Carothers, transition paradigm, authoritarian regimes, changed, changing, development, democracy, human rights
Quote from _______ & ___ __ _____ : “Between _____ and ______, more than ______ of Africa’s _____-___ ___________ responded to _______ and _________ pressures by holding __________ ___________ or _________ elections”
Bratton, Van de Walle, 1990, 1993, half, fifty-two governments, domestic, international, competitive presidential, legislative (but, doesn’t say anything for the nature of the elections/if they’re regular etc so be careful)
___-______ regimes may see more ________ _______ as there is ____ _________ around succession [but only if there’s minimal ____-_____ _______ because _________ is still some kinda contest]
one-party, peaceful transitions, less uncertainty, intra-party fighting, factionalism
____ ______ the mechanisms of _______/________ is key to the ______, ________ and even the ________ __________. E.g. ____ ___ _____ election - showed IBB’s power and _____-____ ________ but in the long-term, it was part of a ______ of ______ that led to his ___________
Who controls, elections/transitions, outcome, stability, regime’s survival. June 12 1993, short-term resilience, series, factors, downfall
