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American politics > Elections > Flashcards

Elections Flashcards

1
Q

First stage of presidential election and its function

A

Invisible primary
Money raising, name recognition announcement or candidacy, party debate
A year before election

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2
Q

2nd stage of presidential election

A

Primaries and caucuses
Show support for candidates , choose delegates NPCs
Jan / aug

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3
Q

3rd stage of presidential elections

A

Choosing the VP candidate
Candidate announces choice of running mate
Days/ weeks before convention

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4
Q

4th stage of president election

A

National party convention
Confirm candidates , approve party platform, acceptance speeches
Aug/sept 3/4 days

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5
Q

5 that stage of pre election

A

General election campaign
Campaign between parties
Sept, oct and early nov

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6
Q

6th stage of presidential election

A

Election day
Voters go to polls
Tue after first monday in nov

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7
Q

7th stage of presidential election

A

Electoral college
Electors vote in state capitals
Mid December

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8
Q

How much did Ron de Santos pay in Iowa caucus

A

Over 1,400 per voter and still lost

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9
Q

How did trump use legal cases to fund campaign

A

Selling mugshot mugs made £7.1 mil

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10
Q

Loser of invisible primaries that won

A

Trump and Obama

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11
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of invisible primaries

A

Advantages : visibility and support for candidates, allows for range of candidates, scrutiny
Disadvantages: lack of serious debate, dependent of fundraising , voter apathy, hidden scandals

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12
Q

How much money did hakeem jeffires receive from his party 2022

A

$1000

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13
Q

2024 iowa caucus result

A

trump won 51% 98/99 districts, de santis 2nd

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14
Q

2024 south carolina primary

A

trump = 59% of vote
Haley = 40 % (in her home state and where she was governer)

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15
Q

example of caucusses being ideological

A

2016 sanders won 13 caucus

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16
Q

example of a caucus taking too long to count.

A

2020 iowa caucus took days due to technical issues

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17
Q

is TO high in primaries

A

32% TO in 2016

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18
Q

how have been impacted by the media

A

less up to party leadership
media has impact tv debates, tv chooses based on polls which come from campaigns which rely on money (less democratic advantage to self funded ie trump)
and buying ads

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19
Q

2020 iowa caucus to

A

9%

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20
Q

example of EC benefiting small state

A

wyoming has 1 rep and 2 senate and around half a million population

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21
Q

how many more votes did clinton win in 2016

A

3 mil

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22
Q

how does the ec ensure broad national support for candidates

A

biden winning sun and rust belt in 2020

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23
Q

example of EC inflating a victory

A

1996 clinton won 49% of vote but 70% of EC

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24
Q

how does california show dispropotion of EC

A

has a population of 39 mil but 54 ec votes however if it was proportional to small states it should have 70+

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25
Q

whats an alternative to the EC

A

national popular vote bill

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26
Q

what was the TO in 2020

A

66% highest in history, biden won with 306 ec votes, 51% of the voted and had the most votes of any candidate in history

27
Q

what are the mccain feingold 2002 reforms

A

attempt to ban soft money and makes candidates endorse their own attack ads

28
Q

what are matching funds and why arent they used

A

fed gov would match any donations up to 250, in 2008 obama raised significanlty more without matching funds and focussed on small donations from regular people

29
Q

what is FECA 1974

A

aims to reduce reliance on wealthy donors
established FEC
limits hard money and bans donations from abroad
set up matching funds

30
Q

advantages of the invisible primaries

A

visibility and support for candidates, a range of candidates and scrutiny of candidates

31
Q

how many democrat candidates were there in 2020

A

20 in the first debate

32
Q

example of when debates have impacted primaries

A

rick perry (rep) couldnt name the 3 departments he would axe he then acheived less than 1 % of new hampshire vote

33
Q

disadvantages of invisible primaries

A

lack of serious debate (to many candidates and soundbites), dependent on fundraising, voter apathy, scandlas emerging after the primary

34
Q

% of iowa caucus which sanders won

A

26

35
Q

how do primaries and caucuses uphold federalism

A

states choose when they vote and the type of vote they use

36
Q

closed primary

A

only registered party voters can vote florida

37
Q

open primary

A

where any registered can vote used in texas

38
Q

modified primaries

A

only registered party membrs can vote in the primary as well as independent voters

39
Q

proportional primaries

A

number of delegates given to a candidate is based in how many votes they won

40
Q

% of democrats who voted in the 2012 republican primary

A

11% most voted for rick santorum

41
Q

example of a winnner takes all primary

A

2016 trump won all 58 delegates for arizona but only 11 / 23 in new hampshire a proportional primary

42
Q

why was there a significant decline in caucusses used in the 2020 dem primary

A

saw them as inaccessible and too ideological

43
Q

which primary does the winner usually win

A

the new hampshire primary

44
Q

who was bidens challenger in the 2024 primaries

A

dean phillips

45
Q

what has happened to incumbents who have faced challenges in primaries

A

they lose the election - george hw bush and jimmy carter

46
Q

how has tunrout for primaries increased

A

from 11% in the 1960s to 28% in 2016

47
Q

how has the number of presidential primaries increased

A

from 5 in 1968 to 23 in 2016

48
Q

whats wrong with presidential primaries

A

low turnout when incumbents are involved unrepresentative, process takes too long, expensive

49
Q

2020 iowa caucus to

A

9%

50
Q

what impact can conventions have on polls

A

post convention bounce
- however this is only accurate in 50% and may have little impact ie 2020 where biden rose by 3% and trump fell by 1%

51
Q

example presidential debates dont matter

A

72% felt that mitt romney preformded better that obama in the 2012 election

52
Q

2016 where did 94% of campaign events take place

A

in 12 key states

53
Q

how many states had no events on 2020

A

14 and dc

54
Q

% of votes ross perot won in 1992

A

18.9%

55
Q

how amny ec votes does california have and how many does it need to be proportional

A

55 - 200

56
Q

2016% ov vote trump won in comparision to ec

A

46% but 57% of the ec

57
Q

how many of the last 14 elections have had faithless voters

A

8

58
Q

how many states have laws preventing faithless electors

A

33 and dc

59
Q

example of a faithless elector

A

2016 hawii gave a vote to bernie sanders and a vp vote to elizabeth warren

60
Q

how many people does a ecv rep in wyoming compared to california

A

wyoming has 1 per 200,000 and california has over 3 times as many peopl per ecv

61
Q

altenaitves to ec

A

maine uses a system where votes are given to the winner in districts and 2 for the overall winner
-propotional system based in states
-direct elction plan where there is a straightforward direct election

62
Q

% of presidents who have won relection

A

69%

63
Q

incumbency rate in congress

A

80%

64
Q
A

American politics (10 decks)

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