Electeon transport System (ETS) Flashcards
What is the main function of the Electron Transport System (ETS)?
To release and utilize the energy stored in NADH and FADH
The ETS achieves this by oxidizing NADH and FADH and passing electrons to oxygen.
Where is the Electron Transport System (ETS) located?
In the inner mitochondrial membrane
The ETS is essential for the process of oxidative phosphorylation.
What is the first complex in the electron transport chain?
NADH dehydrogenase (complex I)
This complex oxidizes electrons from NADH produced during the citric acid cycle.
Which molecule is reduced by electrons transferred from NADH?
Ubiquinone
Ubiquinone becomes ubiquinol after accepting electrons.
What is the role of cytochrome c in the electron transport chain?
Acts as a mobile carrier for transferring electrons between complex III and IV
Cytochrome c is attached to the outer surface of the inner membrane.
What is complex IV also known as?
Cytochrome c oxidase complex
It contains cytochromes a and a3, and two copper centers.
How many ATP molecules are produced from one molecule of NADH?
3 ATP molecules
This is in contrast to the 2 ATP molecules produced from one molecule of FADH2.
What role does oxygen play in the respiration process?
Acts as the final hydrogen acceptor
Oxygen is vital for driving the entire process of oxidative phosphorylation.
What is the process called that utilizes energy from oxidation-reduction for ATP production?
Oxidative phosphorylation
This differs from photophosphorylation, which uses light energy.
What are the two major components of ATP synthase (complex V)?
F₁ and F₀
F₁ is the site for ATP synthesis, while F₀ forms the proton channel.
How many protons must pass through F₀ to produce one ATP?
4 protons
Protons pass from the intermembrane space to the matrix down the electrochemical proton gradient.
Fill in the blank: The metabolic pathway through which electrons pass from one carrier to another is called the _______.
Electron transport system (ETS)
