Elbow Osteology

Question 1

Bones of the Elbow

Answer 1

Distal Humerus
* Ulna – Medial
* Radius - Lateral

Question 2

Bony points of humerus

Answer 2

ANTERIOR
* Medial Epicondyle
* Medial Supracondylar Ridge
* Lateral Epicondyle
* Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
* Capitulum (marble shaped)
* Trochlea (pulley shaped)
* Radial Fossa
* Coronoid Fossa

POSTERIOR
* Olecranon Fossa

Question 3

Humerus Distal Bony points

Answer 3

• Medial and lateral
  epicondyles
• Medial and lateral
  supracondylar
  ridges

Question 4

FOSSAE ON HUMERUS

Answer 4

• Radial fossa (anterior)
• Coronoid fossa (anterior)
• Olecranon (posterior)

Question 5

Humerus – Articular Surfaces
Medial

TROCHLEA (barrel)

Answer 5

TROCHLEA
* Articulates with the ulna (humero-ulna)
* Pulley shaped
* Grooved
* Creation of a carrying angle and oblique joint line
of the elbow
* Tilt accounts partly for carrying angle
* Hyaline cartilage

• Anteriorly: Coronoid fossa above anteriorly to receive coronoid process of the ulna in flexion
• Posteriorly: Olecranon fossa posteriorly to receive
  olecranon in extension

Question 6

Humerus – Articular Surfaces
Lateral

CAPITULUM (marble)

Answer 6

• Articulates with the radius (humero-radial)
• Hemispherical
• Does not extend posteriorly
• Hyaline cartilage thickets centrally
• Forms the capitulo-trochlear groove with the trochlear
• Radial fossa above anteriorly to receive the rim of the head of the radius in flexion
• Allows for radial head rotation
• Most contact observed when the elbow is fully
  flexed

Question 7

Bony points on the ulna

Answer 7

ANTERIOR
* Trochlear notch
* Coronoid process
* Radial Notch
* Tuberosity of ulna

POSTERIOR
* Olecranon/Olecran on process (has overlying bursa)

Question 8

Bony points on the radius

Answer 8

• Head of Radius
• Neck of Radius
• Radial Tuberosity
  (Biceps distal
  attachment)

Question 9

Ulnar Collateral Ligament
(medial ligament)

Answer 9

• Triangular shaped
• 3 bands

Origin
* Medial epicondyle

Insertion
* Coronoid process
* Olecranon

• Prevents unwanted valgus movement
• Limit any abduction, adduction and axial rotation at the elbow joint

Question 10

Radial Collateral Ligament
(lateral ligament)

Answer 10

• Triangular shaped
• Thicker anterior and posterior bands attach to the margins of the radial notch

Origin
* Lateral epicondyle

Insertion
* Blends with annular ligament, radial notch of ulna and common extensor tendon

• Prevents unwanted varus movement

Question 11

Annular Ligament

Answer 11

A round
band of ligament which
supports the head of radius

• Holds radius against ulna
• Makes up 4/5th of the fibro-
  osseous ring
• Allows free rotation during
  pronation and supination
• Prevents downward
  displacement of the radial
  head

Question 12

Cubital Fossa

Answer 12

look at diagram and notes

Question 13

see independent study for rest