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ortho > Elbow injuries 1 > Flashcards

Elbow injuries 1 Flashcards

1
Q

name the elbow joints and their articulation

A

-humeroulnar joint (distal humerus articulates with ulna)

-humeroradial joint (distal humerus articulates with radius)

-proximal radioulnar joint (proximal radius articulates with proxjimal ulna)

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2
Q

what part of the elbow joint is for flxion and supination and pronation?

A

-humeroulnar and humeroradial joint for flexion
-proximal and distal radioulnar joint for
pronation and supination

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3
Q

medial epicondyle serves as an attachment site for:

A

-pronator teres
-ulnar collateral ligament
-most of wrist and finger flexor muscles

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4
Q

lateral epicondyle serves as an attachment site for:

A

-supinator
-many wrist and finfer/thumb extensors

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5
Q

what does the trochlea articulate with?

A

the ulna

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6
Q

where is the coronoid fossa located?

A

superior to trochlea on anterior humerus

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7
Q

what happens to ulnas coronoid process when the elbow is fully flexed?

A

it moves into the coronoid fossa

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8
Q

what doesn the capitilum articulate with?

A

articulates with the radius

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9
Q

what is the function of radial fossa?

A

houses the radial head during full elbow flexion

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10
Q

where is the olecranon fossa located?

A

superior to trochlea and capitilum on posterior humerus

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11
Q

what is the purpose of the olecranon fossa?

A

providing a deep and stable articulating surface for olecranon process when elbow is fully extended

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12
Q

what part of the ulna is the olecranon process?

A

it is the posterior prominence of the superior ulna

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13
Q

what is the insertion of triceps?

A

olecranon process

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14
Q

what bone moves during pronation and supination?

A

only the radius, the ulna does not move

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15
Q

what pathology occurs due to truma in the ulnar groove?

A

cubital tunnel syndrome (truma on the ulnar nerve)

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16
Q

what does the ulnar trochlear (semilunar) notch articulate with and what is its shape

A

it is semi lunar and articulates with trochlea to form the medial elbow joint

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17
Q

what is the shape of the coronoid process and where is it located?

A

sharp superior process located on anterior ulna

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18
Q

what is the purpose of coronoid process?

A

it moves to fit the coronoid fossa of humerus during elbow flexion

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19
Q

where is the radial notch located?

A

lateral aspect of proximal ulna (distal to trochlear notch)

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20
Q

what does the radial notch articulate with?

A

with the radius to form the radioulnar joint

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21
Q

where is the ulnar tubrosity located?

A

distal to the radial notch

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22
Q

insertion of brachialis is …

A

ulnar tubrosity, which is why it only does elbow flexion

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23
Q

where is the radial head located?

A

distal to the humeral lateral epicondyle

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24
Q

what is the shape of the superior surface of the radial head?

A

concave

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25
Q

what does the radial head articulate with?

A

it articulates with the round convex capitilum

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26
Q

what happens to the radial head during pronation and supination?

A

it rolls under the skin

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27
Q

what happens to the radial head at the end of elbow flexion?

A

it slides with in the radio-trochlear groove and rests whthin the radial fossa

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28
Q

where is the radial tubrosity located?

A

anteriorly distal to the radail head

29
Q

what is the shape of the radial tubrosity?

A

convex

30
Q

what is the insertion site for biceps brachii?

A

radial tubrosity

31
Q

what type of joint is the elbow joint?

A

it is a modified hing joint called ginglymus (flexion and extension)

32
Q

the primary articulating segmants of the elbow joint are ….

A

humerus and ulna

33
Q

the secondary articulating segments of the elbow are ….

A

humerua and radius

34
Q

what structures are static stabelizers (form closure)?

A

-bones
-ligaments

35
Q

what structures are dynamic stabelizers (force closure)?

A

-muscles

36
Q

why does the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints have strong structural stability?

A

because of:
(form closure)
-boney configurations
-strong collateral ligaments

37
Q

why does the humeroulnar and humeroradial joint capsule have many folds posteriorly?

A

to allow for elbow flexion

38
Q

what is the humeroulnar and humeroradial joint capsule reinforced by?

A

collateral ligaments

39
Q

what are the different portions of differentiated bundles of fibers of the medial (ulnar) collateral ligament?

A

-anterior
-posterior
-transverse

40
Q

what is the the importance of the annular ligament, and where is it located?

A

it wraps around proximal radius and ulna creating the radioulnar joint and it is found with the lateral collateral ligaments (stabelizes rdial head to ulna)

41
Q

where is the olecranon bursa found?

A

in the olecranon fossa, creating a barrier between the skin and olecranon process

42
Q

what is the function of the olecranon bursa?

A

it works to buffer locking of the elbow when itmoves into full extension

43
Q

what is the axis of rotation of the humeroulnar and humeroradial joint?

A

oblique, creating a carrying angle

44
Q

what creates the carrying angle in the elbow joint?

A

the trochlea being more distal than the capitilum

45
Q

what does the carring angle allow for?

A

a smooth instantaneous elbow flxion with in multipule forearm positions

46
Q

why is the carrying angle in females larger than in males?

A

because females have a wider pelvis

47
Q

normal elbow is flxion range is .

A

120-160 (average is 145)

48
Q

some structures require normal length to allow for elbow flxion, what are they?

A

-posterior capsule
-posterior fibers of medial collateral ligament
-elbow extensors
-ulnar nerve
-skin

49
Q

what is the average extension range?

A

0

50
Q

full extension of the elbow requires normal length of what?

A

-anterior capsule
-anterior fibers of the lateral collateral ligament
elbow flexors
-skin

51
Q

is the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints concave of convex?

A

concave

52
Q

what type of glide for the humeroulnar joint during flxion?

A

anterior glide of ulna

53
Q

what type of glide for the humeroulnar joint during extension?

A

posterior glide of ulna

54
Q

what type of glide for the humeroradial joint during flxion?

A

anterior glide of radius

55
Q

what type of glide for the humeroradial joint during extension?

A

posterior glide

56
Q

what is the capsular pattern in both humeroulnar and radioulnar joint

A

flexion in more limited than extension

57
Q

what is the resting position of the humeroulnar joint

A

-70 flexion
-10 supination

58
Q

what is the closed pack postion of the humeroulnatr joint

A

-full extension
-full supination

59
Q

what is the resting position of the humeroradial joint?

A

-full extention
-full supinationh

60
Q

what is the closed pack position of the humeroradial joint?

A

-90 flexion
-5 supination

61
Q

if there is a capsular pattern then i suspect a problem in what structure?

A

the joint capsule

62
Q

what is the radioulnar joint a part of?

A

the capsule of the elbow joint (intra-articular)
(part of the joint, within it)

63
Q

what is the function of the distal radioulnar joint in reelation to the elbow?

A

supination and pronation, not a part of the wrist motion

64
Q

what is the axis of motion of the radioulnar joint?

A

a line from the center of the radial head through the center of the ulnar styloid process

65
Q

what is the combined ROM of the radioulnar joint?

A

150-180

66
Q

supination end feel is …

A

firm, because of tuat stretched ligaments of interosseous membrane and pronator muscles

67
Q

pronation end feel is …

A

hard if the ulna and radius come to contact
firm if the radioulnar joints soft tissue capsule and interosseous membrane

68
Q

is the proximal radioulnar joint concave or convex?

A

convex

69
Q

is the distal radioulnar joint concave or convex?

A

concave

ortho (6 decks)

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