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Elbow injuries 1 Flashcards

1
Q

name the elbow joints and their articulation

A

-humeroulnar joint (distal humerus articulates with ulna)

-humeroradial joint (distal humerus articulates with radius)

-proximal radioulnar joint (proximal radius articulates with proxjimal ulna)

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2
Q

what part of the elbow joint is for flxion and supination and pronation?

A

-humeroulnar and humeroradial joint for flexion
-proximal and distal radioulnar joint for
pronation and supination

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3
Q

medial epicondyle serves as an attachment site for:

A

-pronator teres
-ulnar collateral ligament
-most of wrist and finger flexor muscles

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4
Q

lateral epicondyle serves as an attachment site for:

A

-supinator
-many wrist and finfer/thumb extensors

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5
Q

what does the trochlea articulate with?

A

the ulna

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6
Q

where is the coronoid fossa located?

A

superior to trochlea on anterior humerus

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7
Q

what happens to ulnas coronoid process when the elbow is fully flexed?

A

it moves into the coronoid fossa

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8
Q

what doesn the capitilum articulate with?

A

articulates with the radius

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9
Q

what is the function of radial fossa?

A

houses the radial head during full elbow flexion

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10
Q

where is the olecranon fossa located?

A

superior to trochlea and capitilum on posterior humerus

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11
Q

what is the purpose of the olecranon fossa?

A

providing a deep and stable articulating surface for olecranon process when elbow is fully extended

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12
Q

what part of the ulna is the olecranon process?

A

it is the posterior prominence of the superior ulna

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13
Q

what is the insertion of triceps?

A

olecranon process

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14
Q

what bone moves during pronation and supination?

A

only the radius, the ulna does not move

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15
Q

what pathology occurs due to truma in the ulnar groove?

A

cubital tunnel syndrome (truma on the ulnar nerve)

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16
Q

what does the ulnar trochlear (semilunar) notch articulate with and what is its shape

A

it is semi lunar and articulates with trochlea to form the medial elbow joint

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17
Q

what is the shape of the coronoid process and where is it located?

A

sharp superior process located on anterior ulna

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18
Q

what is the purpose of coronoid process?

A

it moves to fit the coronoid fossa of humerus during elbow flexion

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19
Q

where is the radial notch located?

A

lateral aspect of proximal ulna (distal to trochlear notch)

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20
Q

what does the radial notch articulate with?

A

with the radius to form the radioulnar joint

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21
Q

where is the ulnar tubrosity located?

A

distal to the radial notch

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22
Q

insertion of brachialis is …

A

ulnar tubrosity, which is why it only does elbow flexion

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23
Q

where is the radial head located?

A

distal to the humeral lateral epicondyle

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24
Q

what is the shape of the superior surface of the radial head?

A

concave

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25
what does the radial head articulate with?
it articulates with the round convex capitilum
26
what happens to the radial head during pronation and supination?
it rolls under the skin
27
what happens to the radial head at the end of elbow flexion?
it slides with in the radio-trochlear groove and rests whthin the radial fossa
28
where is the radial tubrosity located?
anteriorly distal to the radail head
29
what is the shape of the radial tubrosity?
convex
30
what is the insertion site for biceps brachii?
radial tubrosity
31
what type of joint is the elbow joint?
it is a modified hing joint called ginglymus (flexion and extension)
32
the primary articulating segmants of the elbow joint are ....
humerus and ulna
33
the secondary articulating segments of the elbow are ....
humerua and radius
34
what structures are static stabelizers (form closure)?
-bones -ligaments
35
what structures are dynamic stabelizers (force closure)?
-muscles
36
why does the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints have strong structural stability?
because of: (form closure) -boney configurations -strong collateral ligaments
37
why does the humeroulnar and humeroradial joint capsule have many folds posteriorly?
to allow for elbow flexion
38
what is the humeroulnar and humeroradial joint capsule reinforced by?
collateral ligaments
39
what are the different portions of differentiated bundles of fibers of the medial (ulnar) collateral ligament?
-anterior -posterior -transverse
40
what is the the importance of the annular ligament, and where is it located?
it wraps around proximal radius and ulna creating the radioulnar joint and it is found with the lateral collateral ligaments (stabelizes rdial head to ulna)
41
where is the olecranon bursa found?
in the olecranon fossa, creating a barrier between the skin and olecranon process
42
what is the function of the olecranon bursa?
it works to buffer locking of the elbow when itmoves into full extension
43
what is the axis of rotation of the humeroulnar and humeroradial joint?
oblique, creating a carrying angle
44
what creates the carrying angle in the elbow joint?
the trochlea being more distal than the capitilum
45
what does the carring angle allow for?
a smooth instantaneous elbow flxion with in multipule forearm positions
46
why is the carrying angle in females larger than in males?
because females have a wider pelvis
47
normal elbow is flxion range is .
120-160 (average is 145)
48
some structures require normal length to allow for elbow flxion, what are they?
-posterior capsule -posterior fibers of medial collateral ligament -elbow extensors -ulnar nerve -skin
49
what is the average extension range?
0
50
full extension of the elbow requires normal length of what?
-anterior capsule -anterior fibers of the lateral collateral ligament elbow flexors -skin
51
is the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints concave of convex?
concave
52
what type of glide for the humeroulnar joint during flxion?
anterior glide of ulna
53
what type of glide for the humeroulnar joint during extension?
posterior glide of ulna
54
what type of glide for the humeroradial joint during flxion?
anterior glide of radius
55
what type of glide for the humeroradial joint during extension?
posterior glide
56
what is the capsular pattern in both humeroulnar and radioulnar joint
flexion in more limited than extension
57
what is the resting position of the humeroulnar joint
-70 flexion -10 supination
58
what is the closed pack postion of the humeroulnatr joint
-full extension -full supination
59
what is the resting position of the humeroradial joint?
-full extention -full supinationh
60
what is the closed pack position of the humeroradial joint?
-90 flexion -5 supination
61
if there is a capsular pattern then i suspect a problem in what structure?
the joint capsule
62
what is the radioulnar joint a part of?
the capsule of the elbow joint (intra-articular) (part of the joint, within it)
63
what is the function of the distal radioulnar joint in reelation to the elbow?
supination and pronation, not a part of the wrist motion
64
what is the axis of motion of the radioulnar joint?
a line from the center of the radial head through the center of the ulnar styloid process
65
what is the combined ROM of the radioulnar joint?
150-180
66
supination end feel is ...
firm, because of tuat stretched ligaments of interosseous membrane and pronator muscles
67
pronation end feel is ...
hard if the ulna and radius come to contact firm if the radioulnar joints soft tissue capsule and interosseous membrane
68
is the proximal radioulnar joint concave or convex?
convex
69
is the distal radioulnar joint concave or convex?
concave

ortho (6 decks)

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