Elbow, Hand & Wrist

Question 1

Procedure for Cozens test?

Answer 1

• Patient standing arms by their sides, elbows flexed to 90.
• Dr. stands on testing side and asks patient to make a fist, pronate and extend their wrist
• Dr. stabilizes the patients forearm.
• Dr. tells patient to resist against flexion pressure.
• This stresses the extensory carpi radialis longus and brevis.

Question 2

Interpretations of Cozens test?

Answer 2

• Pain in the lateral epicondyles = (+) test for lateral epicondylitis/tennis elbow.

Question 3

Procedure for Mills test?

Answer 3

• Patients arm is at their side with elbow flexed to 90.
• Dr. asks the patient to pronate their arm and flex the wrist.
• Dr. stabilizes the patients forearm.
• Dr. asks the patient to supinate against resistance.

Question 4

Interpretations of Mills test?

Answer 4

• Pain in the lateral epicondyle = (+) test for lateral epicondylitis.

Question 5

Procedure for Kaplan’s sign?

Answer 5

• 1st: Patient is standing with arm flexed at 90, holding a dynamometer in their hand, with their wrist slightly extended.
• Dr. asks patient to squeeze dynamometer as hard as they can.
• 2nd: After that take not of results and grasp patients forearm distal to the lateral epicondyles.

Question 6

Interpretations of Kaplan’s sign?

Answer 6

• 1st: Weakness and or pain in the lateral epicondyle = (+) test for lateral epicondylitis.
• 2nd: after grasping patients forearm, an increase in strength or decrease in pain = (+) lateral epicondylitis.

Question 7

Procedure for Pinch Grip test?

Answer 7

• Dr. asks patient to pinch their index finger and thumb together tip to tip.

Question 8

Interpretations of Pinch Grip test?

Answer 8

• If patient can only touch pad to pad not tip to tip = (+) test for anterior interossei branch of the median nerve.

Question 9

Procedure of Medial Epicondylitis test?

Answer 9

• Patient standing
• Dr. grasps the patients hand, supinate and extend their wrist.
• Dr. asks patient to resist force applied.

Question 10

Interpretations of Medial Epicondylitis test?

Answer 10

• Pain in the medial aspect of the elbow = (+) for medial epicondylitis.

Question 11

Procedure for Tinel’s sign?

Answer 11

• Dr. uses a reflex hammer or finger tip and taps the ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel.

Question 12

Interpretations of Tinel’s sign?

Answer 12

• Pain, referred pain or tingling with tapping = (+) test for ulnar nerve neuritis or neuroma.