Elbow Exam Flashcards
Joint capsule
fibers are arranged to provide stabilization in flexion and in full extension
Open pack: 60-70 degrees
Closed pack: full extension
Lateral Ligaments
Radial collateral
Annular ligament
Lateral ulnar collateral
Radial collateral ligament
resists varus stress
maintains articulation of capitulum and radius
Annular ligament
allows IR and ER of radial head on capitulum
Anterior fibers taut in supination
Posterior fibers taut in pronation
Lateral ulnar collateral
Most important lateral stabiilizer
Disruption results in rotatory instability
Medial Ligaments - Ulnar Collateral
Anterior bundle
Posterior bundle
Transverse bundle
Anterior bundle
Taut throughout ROM
Primary restraint against valgus force (overhead throwing)
Posterior bundle
Taut in flexion > 90 degrees
Secondary stabilizer past 30 degrees of flexion
Transverse bundle
Little support
Originates and inserts on ulna
Interosseous Membrane
stabilizer against axial forces applied to wrist
Elbow flexors and supinators
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Supinator
Biceps Brachii
O: Long head (supraglenoid tubercle of scapula) and Short head (coracoid process of the scapula)
I: Tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of the biceps brachii
A: Flex elbow, supinate forearm
IN: Musculocutaneous
Brachialis
O: distal half of anterior surface of humerus
I: tuberosity of coronoid process of ulna
A: flex the elbow
IN: musculocutaneous, small branch of radial
Brachioradialis
O: proximal 2/3 of the lateral supracondylar ride of humerus
I: styloid process of radius
A: Elbow flexion, pronation from supinated position to neutral
IN: Radial
Supinator
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament, supinator crest of the ulna
I: anterior lateral surface of proximal 1/3 of radial shaft
A: supinate forearm
IN: radial
Elbow extensors
Triceps brachii
Anconeus
Triceps brachii
O: Long head (infraglenoid tubercle of scapula), Lateral head (posterior surface of proximal 1/2 of humerus), and Medial head (posterior surface of distal half of humerus)
I: olecranon process of the ulna
A: extend elbow, extend shoulder
IN: radial
Anconeus
O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: olecranon process and posterior, proximal surface of ulna
A: extend elbow
IN: radial
Pronators
Pronator Teres
Pronator Quadratus
Pronator Teres
O: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of the ulan
I: middle of lateral surface of the radius
A: pronate the forearm, assist to flex elbow
IN: median
Pronator Quadratus
O: medial anterior surface of distal ulna
I: lateral, anterior surface of distal radius
A: pronate the forearm
IN: median
Wrist Extensors
Extensor Carpi Radials Longus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Extensor Digitorum
Wrist Flexors
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Subcutaneous olecranon bursa
between skin and olecranon process
