Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MS Test 2: Upper Quarter > Elbow Complex > Flashcards

Elbow Complex Flashcards

1
Q

What are norms for carrying angle?

A

male- 11-14

female 13-16

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What ligaments are on medial side of elbow?

A

Ulnar collateral
anterior- taught in extension
posterior- taught in flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are ligaments of lateral elbow?

A

RCL- taught throughout ROM

lateral UCL- primary restraint to valgus stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the annular ligament?

A

stabilizes proximal radiounar joint
anterior taught with supination
posterior with pronation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does the radial nerve pass in the elbow?

A

anterior to lateral epi, innervates extensor supinator group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does the ulnar nerve pass in the elbow?

A

posterior to medial epicondyle

innervates FCU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the median nerve innervate?

A

flexor pronator group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is typical mechanism for elbow instability?

A

FOOSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is patient presentation for elbow dislocation?

A

nerve complaints s/p traumatic event

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is difference between simple and complex dislocation?

A

simple- soft tissue injury, no fx

complex- multiple articulations and fx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is simple dislocation management?

A

stable- immediate AROM if pain free, compression and gripping

unstable- immobilize (not more than 14 days) pronation/supination for stability strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is immobilization protocol for complex dislocation?

A

immobilized at 90 for 0-10 days post op

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When can AROM begin for complex dislocation?

A

10-15 days post op

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a supracondylar fracture?

A

50% of elbow fractures in kids, FOOSH

either a closed reduction or ORIF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a olecranon fracture?

A

common in elderly, presents with disruption to tricep function and displaced intra articular jt fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are complications from olecranon fx surgery?

A

loss of extension, ulnar neuropathy, postraumatic arthritis, instability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is radial head fracture?

A

common in females 20-60 y/o usually from blow to pronated arm, direct blow to elbow, hyper flexion during an injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is management of a radial head fx?

A

type 1- early motion

type 2-4- immobilize in full extension and surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When is a radial head excision indicated?

A

intact UCL required, strong flexor pronators and if unable to fix bone

strength will be decreased after post surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When is a radial head replacement indicated?

A

type 4 fracture, UCL or RCL dysfnx and instability, coronoid fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is rehab for excision or replacement?

A

immediate ROM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is difference from primary and secondary elbow OA?

A

1- degenerative

2- prior trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is patient presentation for primary elbow OA?

A

40-60 males, usually repetitive use laborers with insidious onset

sx: end range pain, loss of extension, painful locking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is patient presentation for secondary elbow OA?

A

any age or gender, prior trauma or surgery

SX: s/p trauma and same as primary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are goals for non-op elbow OA rehab?

A

maximize flexibility, grade 1-2 elbow mobs, shoulder strength, modalities PRN

26
Q

What are indications for a total elbow arthroplasty (TEA)?

A

advanced age, low physical demand, chronic instability, advanced RA, fused elbow, pain, functional ROM loss

27
Q

What are complications from TEA?

A

loosening, hardware failure, impingement, instability, ulnar nerve damage, infection

28
Q

What is unconstrained vs. constrained TEA?

A

usually used if other soft tissue and ligaments can help support elbow

constrained- used with trauma, prosthesis provides stability

29
Q

What are post op management of unconstrained TEA?

A

no extension past 30 until week 4, and forearm kept in pronation until week 6 even with ROM

30
Q

What are causes of varus instability?

A

elbow dislocation, varus elbow stress (crutch use), iatrogenic causes

31
Q

What is patient presentation of varus instability?

A

vague elbow discomfort, lateral elbow pain, mechanical clicking, snapping, clunking

32
Q

What are differential diagnosis for varus instability?

A

lateral epi, wrist extensor tendonapthy, radial tunnel, cervical spine referal

33
Q

What is varus instability non op management?

A

protect healing structures- arm in brace for 4-6 in pronation

wrist extensor strength

34
Q

What is rehab for varus instability surgery weeks 0-4?

A

immobilization at 90 in pronation for 2 weeks, control pain and edema, hand finger ROM, tri’s, bi’s shoulder isometric, scap exercises

35
Q

What is rehab for varus instability surgery weeks 4-6?

A

elbow AROM in pronation, avoid supination, grade 1-2 mobs, gripping

36
Q

What is rehab for varus instability surgery weeks 6-12?

A

AROM of elbow, avoid PROM elbow extension and supination, active supination with full flexion, grade 3-4 mobs, shoulder and core

37
Q

What is rehab for varus instability surgery weeks 12-16?

A

wean from brace, should have normal ROM, avoid extension, supination and varus, elbow strength begins

38
Q

What are causes of valgus instability?

A

acute-FOOSH

chronic- overuse (throwers)

39
Q

What is mechanism of valgus?

A

overhead athlete, high forces associated with elbow extension, valgus increased with shoulder ER, pronation of supinated forearm

40
Q

What is PP of valgus?

A

c/o of medial elbow pain, tender at UCL incision, heard or felt a pop

could be trauma- radial head fracture

41
Q

What are 3 valgus special tests?

A

valgus stress, milking and moving

42
Q

When is non op successful for valgus?

A

if person is a not an overhead throwing athlete

43
Q

What is initial phase for non op valgus?

A

immob, control inflammation and avoid overhead activity

44
Q

What is strengthening phase for non op valgus?

A

flexor pronator group and kinetic chain approach to take load off elbow

45
Q

What is general timeline for valgus tommy john?

A

protection for 2 weeks
strength after 4-6 weeks
interval throwing at 4 months
competition at 9-12 months

46
Q

What is osteochondritis dissecans?

A

lateral compression in adolescents, radiocapitellar joint usually with overhead or WB athletes

47
Q

What is PP of OD?

A

similiar to OA but younger, active males 12-17 y/o, loss of extension, vague lateral elbow pain, clicking popping or locking

48
Q

What is non op treatment of OD?

A

bracing, address ROM and strength impairments, ADLS by 3 months, full activity by 6

49
Q

When would someone get surgery for OD?

A

worsening of symptoms, fracture of articular cartilage, symptomatic loose bodies

50
Q

What is the difference between tendinosis and tendonitis?

A

nosis- more chronic, no inflammation

itis- acute and too much swelling

51
Q

What is lateral tendinosis?

A

tennis elbow, epicondylitis

52
Q

What is PP with tennis elbow?

A

lateral elbow pain distal to epicondyle, difficulty with gripping, passive wrist flexion and active extension

females 35-50, physical work

53
Q

What are special tests for tennis elbow?

A

cozens, mills, maudsley’s, grip strength

54
Q

What is medial tendinosis?

A

golfers elbow or epicondylitis

55
Q

What is PP for golfer’s elbow?

A

medial elbow pain, no gender, flexor pronator fatigue and UCL fails to stabilize valgus force

56
Q

What are special tests for golfers?

A

grip strength, and position 1 and 2

57
Q

For a distal biceps rupture when will full ROM and strength begin?

A

full ROM by week 4 post op, strength 6-8 weeks

58
Q

What is cubital tunnel syndrome?

A

damage or traume to ulnar nerve, usually from traction (valgus force in throwers) or trauma

59
Q

What is PP of Cub. TS?

A

parathesis (4th and 5th digits), clumsiness, loss of coordination of finger c/o painless snapping or popping

60
Q

When is exam for Cub. TS?

A

neuro exam, tinel at cubital tunnel, froment sign, elbow flexion test and pressure provocation test

MS Test 2: Upper Quarter (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions