Elbow and Hand

Question 1

Ulnar collateral Ligament

Answer 1

function- resists excessive cubital valgus

attachments- from medial epicondyle to medial margin of coronoid process & olecranon process

Three distinct bands: anterior (strongest), posterior, transverse (runs along the ulna to deepen trochlea)

Question 2

Radial collateral ligament

Answer 2

function- resists excessive cubital varus

attachments- from lateral epicondyle to annular ligament

Question 3

Annular ligament

Answer 3

function- stabilizes proximal radioulnar joint

attachments- from the anterior margin of the radial notch to posterior margin of radial notch surrounding head of radius

Question 4

Interosseous Membrane

Answer 4

attachments- from interosseous border of radius to interosseous border of ulna

Question 5

Transverse Carpal ligament

Answer 5

function- prevents bowstringing of the tendons of the flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis & flexor digitorum profundus muscles

attachments- from the pisiform & hook of the hamate to scaphoid & trapezium

Question 6

Collateral Ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joints

Answer 6

function- stabilizes metacarpophalangeal joints

attachments- from the head of the metacarpals to base of adjacent proximal phalanx

Question 7

TFCC (Triangular fibrocartilage complex)

Answer 7

Function- Stabilize distal radio-ulnar and ulnocarpal joints, form concavity on the ulnar side of the wrist AND transfer compressive force from hand/wrist to the forearm.

Components- Biconcave fibrocartilage disc, Palmar ulnocarpal ligament, Ulnar collateral ligament

Question 8

Humeral Ulnar joint type and direction of distal movement

Answer 8

Hinge joint: ulna rolls and glides in the same direction

Question 9

Humeral Radial joint type and direction of distal mvmt

Answer 9

Modified hinge joint: radius rolls and glides in the same direction on humerus

Question 10

DRUJ

Answer 10

Ovoid joint CONCAVE radius glides on convex ulna

Question 11

Injuries to TFCC

Answer 11

Disc injury from compression and sheer
OR ligamentous attachment injury from distraction force or extreme radial deviation (ulnar coll lig or palmar ulnocarpal lig)

Question 12

1st CMC joint type and motions

Answer 12

Sellar joint: 1st metacarpal on trapezium
Radial add/abd glide in same direction
Palmar add/abd glide in opposite direction

Question 13

1st MCP joint type and motions

Answer 13

Condyloid joint, acts like a hinge joint, concave on convex

Question 14

Transverse metacarpal ligaments

Answer 14

Deep: connects met heads.
Superficial: connects adjacent volar plates

Question 15

MCP 2-5

Answer 15

ovoid, 3 degrees of freedom. Base of phalanges is concave sitting on convex, glide in same direction as movement

Question 16

IP joints

Answer 16

Synovial hinge joints, considered concave on convex