ELBOW ANATOMY

Question 1

BONES OF THE ELBOW

Answer 1

Humerus
Ulnar
Radius

Question 2

WHAT BONY LANDMARKS ARE ON THE DISTAL HUMERUS?

Answer 2

Lateral epicondyle
Medial epicondyle

Question 3

WHAT LANDMARKS ARE ON THE PROXIMAL ULNA?

Answer 3

Coranoid process
Olecranon process
Trochlear notch
Olecranon bursa

Question 4

WHAT LANDMARKS ARE ON THE PROXIMAL RADIUS?

Answer 4

Radial head
Radial neck
Radial tuberosity

Question 5

WHAT IS THE MAIN STABILISER JOINT OF THE ELBOW?

Answer 5

Ulnohumeral joint

Question 6

WHAT STRUCTURE PREVENTS POSTERIOR DISLOCATION OF THE ELBOW?

Answer 6

Coronoid process

Question 7

MEDIAL ELBOW LIGAMENTS

Answer 7

Medial ulnar collateral ligament (MCL)
Made up of 3 bands

Question 8

WHAT ARE THE 3 BANDS OF THE MCL?

Answer 8

Anterior bundle
Posterior bundle
Transverse bundle

Question 9

WHICH OF THE 3 BANDS OF THE MCL IS THE PRIMARY STABILISER FOR VALGUS MOVEMENTS?

Answer 9

Anterior bundle of the MCL

Question 10

ATTACHMENTS OF THE MCL

Answer 10

ORIGIN: posterior medial epicondyle
INSERTION: sublime tubercle of the coronoid process

Question 11

WHICH TEST TESTS THE MCL?

Answer 11

Valgus stress test

Question 12

MEDIAL ELBOW MUSCLES

Answer 12

Pronator teres
Flexor group
* Flexor carpi radialis
* Palmaris longus
* Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 13

WHAT ARE THE MUSCLES IN THE FLEXOR GROUP?

Answer 13

• Flexor carpi radialis
• Palmaris longus
• Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 14

WHAT IS THE NERVE FOUND IN THE MEDIAL ELBOW?

Answer 14

Ulnar nerve

Question 15

WHERE IS THE ULNAR NERVE FOUND AT THE ELBOW?

Answer 15

Cubital fossa

Question 16

WHAT ARE THE POSTERIOR ELBOW MUSCLES?

Answer 16

Triceps
Olecranon bursa

Question 17

LATERAL ELBOW LIGAMENTS

Answer 17

Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
Split into 4 parts
* Lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL)
* Lateral radial collateral ligament (RCL)
* Accessory lateral collateral ligament (ALCL)
* Annular ligament (AL)

Question 18

WHAT ARE THE 4 PARTS OF THE LCL?

Answer 18

• Lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL)
• Lateral radial collateral ligament (RCL)
• Accessory lateral collateral ligament (ALCL)
• Annular ligament (AL)

Question 19

WHAT DOES THE LUCL PREVENT?

Answer 19

Posterolateral instability
Acts like a sling for the radial head

Question 20

WHAT ARE THE ATTACHMENTS FOR THE LUCL?

Answer 20

ORIGIN: Lateral epicondyle
INSERTION: Crista supinatoris of the proximal ulna

Question 21

WHAT TYPE OF FRACTURE IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN LCL TEAR?

Answer 21

Impaction fracture of the anteromedial coronoid facet

Question 22

WHAT IS THE TERRIBLE ELBOW TRIAD?

Answer 22

Coronoid fracture
Radial head fracture
Elbow dislocation

Question 23

WHAT ARE THE LATERAL ELBOW MUSCLES?

Answer 23

Common extensor tendon muscles
* Extensor carpi radialis brevis
* Extensor carpi radialis longus
* Extensor digitorum
* Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 24

WHAT MUSCLES ARE A PART OF THE COMMON EXTENSOR GROUP?

Answer 24

• Extensor carpi radialis brevis
• Extensor carpi radialis longus
• Extensor digitorum
• Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 25

WHAT IS FOUND IN THE ANTERIOR ELBOW?

Answer 25

Cubital fossa Biceps insertion (radial tuberosity) Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 26

WHERE DOES THE BICEPS TENDON INSERT?

Answer 26

Radial tuberosity

Question 27

WHAT ARE THE BORDERS OF THE CUBITAL FOSSA?

Answer 27

Biceps Brachioradialis Pronator teres

Question 28

WHAT STRUCTURES ARE FOUND IN THE CUBITAL FOSSA?

Answer 28

(lateral to medial) Radial nerve Biceps tendon Brachial artery Median nerve