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English > ELAT > Flashcards

ELAT Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

When Victorian period

A

1832-1901

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2
Q

Vic poetry characterised by…

A

… unrest and a more ordered interior consciousness

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3
Q

Industrialisation in Vic Period

A

Wide spread urbanisation, first railways, manufacturing booms, a lot of famous city depictions

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4
Q

Vic historical context

A

Progress- women’s rights, very status conscious and growing middle class, lit more to masses, virtues by Queen Vic like property duty and restraint

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5
Q

Darwin’s theory of evolution

A

In 1859, relationship between religion and science

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6
Q

Vic themes

A

V. Nostalgic, utilitarianism and the Q of happiness, realism, darker and gothic, responsibility, morality and pessimism, sentimental

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7
Q

Tennyson

A

Critic, death and afterlife, battled with alcoholism- temptation to give up and the importance is preserverence- the need to continue, nationalism- he was a poet laureate, tragic death and nobility of death, symbols of isolation

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8
Q

When was renaissance

A

1450-1660

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9
Q

Renaissance after middle age

A

Revival of classic myths, re-awakening of human mind after dark ages, birth of modern world

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10
Q

Renaissance historical context

A

Rediscovering through expanded trade further foreign knowledge, printing press developed led to ⬆️ knowledge

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11
Q

Themes of renaissance

A

Lit took more secular tone, humanism not religion, individuality, beauty and truth, reassertion of classical world, rebirth of naturalism, exploration and adventure

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12
Q

When was restoration

A

1660-1785

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13
Q

Historical context of restoration

A

Enlightenment so some religious disallusionment, return to order as monarchy reinstated- need to establish standardising systems everywhere e.g. Lang (Sam Johnson wrote dictionary in 1755), public over private voice, newspapers popular- age or reason and politeness

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14
Q

Restoration patronage

A

Many writers thought important to have financial and cultural support of a great name and dedications common

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15
Q

Restoration themes

A

Desire order, society and politics, conformism, only 1 correct path everyone should follow, followed by Romanticism which looks at what divides us while Rest. looks at what unites us

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16
Q

Restoration style

A

Satire, elegant style marked by its artificiality and avoidance of excess, merge of writing and gov posts e.g. Swift, echoed classical world e.g. Augustan poetry

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17
Q

Restoration Augustan Poetry

A

Ovid and Virgil, marked by restraint and correctness of expression, desire for order and pattern, makes poems feel artificial because of conformity to set patterns, poetry instructive not entertainment, fear of social disorder (stems from civil war), decorum and moderation

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18
Q

Restoration Jonathan Swift

A

Guliver’s travels satirises human nature, humorous satirical poems, direct and genial tone, v. political (said he’s “champion of liberty”), parodies other poets, Irish, sardonically said cannibalism solution to Irish poverty

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19
Q

Restoration Alexander Pope

A

Mocks fashionable upper class, satirises excess, Catholic, juxtaposes epic sublime world with trivial present, grand diction for tiny events, translated Latin verse

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20
Q

Restoration John Dryden

A

V important critic, metaphysical poet, satire and philosophical/ political Qs, religious issues (a converted Catholic), Latinate diction and complex syntax, idealises plainness, matter of fact, balance, order, wit, brought back heroic couplet (2 rhymed lines with iamb-pentameter), used epic to satirise- mock heroic style (allusion to classics and metaphor comparison to show reality)

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21
Q

When Romantic

A

1785-1832

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22
Q

Historical context of Romantics

A

Rejection of industrialisation rationalism organised religion and social convention, democracy and personal freedom

23
Q

Romantic themes

A

Celebrates nature/ beauty/ imagination/ simplicity/ pastoral/ primal/ spontaneity, interest in past, focus on narrators emotions and mind, idealised women/ rural/ kids, supernatural and myths, history and nature as teacher, revolutionary zeal, interest in the remote, fanciful and introspective, seek ideal human condition through imagination

24
Q

Romantic style

A

Frequent personification- individual experience of the sublime, 1-sided opinionated, experimental lang and verse (e.g.blank verse), extravagance, writers not Earth-bound or realistic

25
Q

Romantics: Wordsworth

A

Worshipped nature as nurse/guide/guardian/moral, mystic and pantheist, philosophical, makes the natural supernatural, against inane and artificial 18.c, use Lang of common man

26
Q

Panegyrics

A

Celebrations of individuals or institutions

27
Q

Romantic poetry

A

Spontaneous overflow of powerful passions: “organic sensibility”,
not bothered with perfection or clarity so can be vague and obscure: substance over form, revolt against reality, free emotional expression, no rules, use Spenserian stanza, bland metre, many lyric does and sonnets

28
Q

Romantic Keats

A

Last rom. poet, odes, v imaginative, begin in sensation and ends in thought, escapist, fights harsh reality with fanciful words, nature as sensuous, objective (that’s unromantic)

29
Q

Sonnet main features

A

A dialectical/ argumentative construction: poet examines 2 opposing ideas/emotions/anything through juxtaposition, ends in possible resolution, a Volta, need to show a progression of ideas, juxtaposition of quatrains show dramatic development

30
Q

Italian/ Petrarchan Sonnet

A

ABBA octet then CD/CDE sestet, Petrarch never ended with a couplet, 2 different rhyme schemes indicates Volta, beauty and/or love

31
Q

Spenserian Sonnet

A

Edmund Spenser, ABAB/BCBC/CDCD/EE, each group develops different idea, overlapping rhymes in one unit- closely related, rhyming couplet separated indicates Volta

32
Q

Shakespearean Sonnet

A

ABAB/CDCD/EFEF/GG, each quatrain develops specific idea, Volta at L9 (Italian) or in couplet

33
Q

Curtal Sonnet

A

-14 lines

34
Q

Caudate Sonnet

A

+14 lines

35
Q

Refrain

A

Repeated phrase

36
Q

Motif

A

Repeated idea/ image

37
Q

Blank verse

A

Common verse forms (10 syllables, iambic, unrhymed), more solemn and ordered less decorative

38
Q

Free verse

A

Lack of rhyme and irregular line lengths, informal chaotic fragmented

39
Q

ABBA rhymes

A

Envelope, safe closure or entrapment

40
Q

ABCB rhymes

A

Common ballad stanza, narrative form, hymnic like ABAB

41
Q

Regular stanzaic pattern

A

Emotional suppression- strong feeling contained in tight boxes

42
Q

End-stopped line

A

Punctuation like ,.;- without pause

43
Q

Caesura

A

Pause halfway through line

44
Q

Metre

A

Line length(count syllables), regular metre creates fluency/ speed/ propulsion/ excitement, irregular is underlying restlessness/ incompletion/ anxiety- the human mind likes regular stress patterns

45
Q

Sublime

A

Combo of beauty and fear

46
Q

Dramatic

A

Conflicting/ contrasting images or Lang

47
Q

Typology

A

Traditional associations of imagery e.g. moon= change, birds= freedom

48
Q

Liminal space/ limitary images

A

Horizon, gate, window, dawn/sunset, etc

49
Q

Absolutes

A

All every always only none never entirely etc

50
Q

Nullity

A

No none nowhere nothing etc

51
Q

Proto-religious roots/ associations

A

Awe bliss condemnation despair providence rapture (often visionary or extreme states)

52
Q

Rising tricolon

A

Gust, storm, tempest

53
Q

Mimesis

A

Where art only imitates nature

54
Q

Metaphysical conceit

A

Analogy between ones entity’s spiritual qualities and an object in physical world, a poetic artifice, abstract ideas as concrete symbols

English (3 decks)

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