Elastic Block Storage (EBS) and Elastic File System (EFS) Flashcards
______ is a general purpose SSD.
This is suitable for boot disks and general applications,
gives you up to 16,000 IOPS per volume, and it gives you up to with up to 3 nines (99.9%) durability.
GP2 (General Purpose SSD)
_____ is suitable for high performance applications
and it gives you a predictable 3,000 IOPS baseline performance and 125 megabits per second, regardless of your volume size, with up to 3 nines (99.9%) durability.
GP3 (Provisioned IOPS SSD)
_____ is provisioned IOPS SSD. This is suitable for online transaction processing (OLTP) and latency-sensitive applications. Get up to 50 IOPS per GiB and up to 64,000 IOPS per volume and up to 3 nines (99.9%) durability. It’s high performance, but it’s also the most expensive EBS volume.
IO1 (Provisioned IOPS SSD)
______ is the It’s the latest generation provisioned IOPS volume. It is suitable for online transaction processing (OLTP) and latency-sensitive applications. You get 500 IOPS per GiB and about 64,000 IOPS or up to 64,000 IOPS per volume. With 5 nines durability (99.999) it has the best durability out of any EBS volumes.
IO2 (Provisioned IOPS SSD)
______ is suitable for big data, data warehouses,
extract, transform, and load. The maximum throughput is 500 MBs per second and it cannot be a boot volume but you do get up to 3 nines (99.9%) durability.
ST1 (Throughput optimize hard disc drive)
_______ has a max throughput of 250 MBs
per second per volume. It gives you less frequently accessed data. It cannot be a boot volume,
but it is the lowest cost and it gives you 3 nines (99.9%) durability.
SC1 (Cold HDD)
Volumes exist on _____
whereas snapshots exist on_____.
EBS, S3
_______ are point-in-time photographs of volumes and are incremental in nature.
Snapshots
What is best practice for taking consistent snapshots?
For consistent snapshots, you should stop your instance and detach the volume, that way everything is then saved to disk.
True or False? You can share snapshots between AWS accounts and regions, but first you need to copy that snapshot to the target region.
True.
True or False? You must shut down your instance before resizing EBS volumes or changing volume types.
False. You can resize EBS volumes on the fly as well as changing the volume types.
_________ instance store volumes
are sometimes called ephemeral storage
Instance store volumes
True or False? Instance store volumes cannot be stopped. If the underlying host fails, you are going to lose your data.
True
True or False? Rebooting and instance store volumes will lead to data loss.
False
True or False? EBS volumes are set to keep the root device volume upon instance termination.
False. By default root volumes will be deleted on termination. However, with EBS volumes, you can tell AWS to keep the root device volume.
A(n) _____ is a blueprint for an EC2 instance.
AMI (Amazon Machine Image)
How do you encrypt an unencrypted volume?
- create a snapshot of the unencrypted root device volume.
- Create a copy of that snapshot and select the encrypt option.
- Create an AMI from the encrypted snapshot
- Use that AMI to launch a new encrypted instance
This is where it preserves the in-memory RAM
on persistent storage.
EC2 Hibernation
What is the maximum amount of time an instance can be hibernated?
60 days
What is the maximum amount of instance ram where instance hibernation is possible?
150 GB
True or False. Hibernation is only available for Reserved Instances.
False. Hibernation is available for On-Demand and Reserved Instances.
True or False. EC2 Hibernation enables much faster boot up because you do not need to reload the operating system.
True
_____ is an AWS solution for highly scaleable shared storage using NFS (network file share).
EFS (Elastic File Storage)
EFS is when you need highly distributed
and highly resistant storage for Linux instances
and Linux-based applications.
________ is when you need centralized storage
for Windows-based applications. So this could be things like SharePoint, SQL Server, Workspaces, IIS, or any other native Microsoft application.
Amazon FSx for Windows
__________ is when you need high-speed, high-capacity distributed storage that can store data directly on S3. This will be for applications that do high performance computing, financial modeling,
Amazon FSx for Lustre
What storage solution is great for serverless object storage? (Things like files, videos, et cetera, where you don’t want to have to manage EC2 instances)
S3
What storage solution is best for
archiving objects.
Glacier
_____ is network file system, or NFS, for Linux instances; it’s a centralized storage solution
across multiple availability zones.
EFS
_______ is file storage for high performance computing Linux file systems.
FSx for Lustre
______ is persistent storage for EC2 instances.
EBS Volumes
_________ is ephemeral storage for EC2 instances.
Instance Store
_______ is file storage for Windows instances; centralized storage across multiple AZs.
FSx for Windows
________ is used for consolidations
to back up your different AWS services.
So this could be things like EC2, EBS, EFS,
Amazon FSx for Luster, Amazon FSx for Windows File Server and AWS Storage Gateway. Essentially it’s going to give you a single pane of glass to back up all these different services.
AWS Backup
What solution gives you centralized control,
letting you automate your backups and define your lifecycle policies for your data, get better compliance as you can enforce your backup policies make sure they’re encrypted,
and then audit them once they are complete.
AWS Backup
You’ve been tasked with creating a file system for a Linux workload that should support concurrent access to the same file or directory from thousands of compute instances and handle massive datasets, up to hundreds of gigabytes per second. What AWS service would you use?
a. Amazon EBS Provisioned IOPS
b. Amazon FSx
c. Amazon FSx for Lustre
d. Amazon EFS High Performance
c. Amazon FSx for Lustre
Amazon FSx for Lustre makes it easy and cost effective to launch, run, and scale the world’s most popular high-performance file system. FSx for Lustre is compatible with the most popular Linux-based AMIs, including Amazon Linux, Amazon Linux 2, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), CentOS, SUSE Linux and Ubuntu. With FSx for Lustre, you can mix and match the instance types and Linux AMIs that are connected to a single file system.
True or False? EBS volumes are encrypted by default.
False.
What type of storage does EFS offer?
a. Object
b. File
c. System
d. Block
b. File
EFS is a file-level storage solution. Reference Documentation
Why would you consider hibernating an EC2 instance over stopping and starting it?
a. AWS Support recommends hibernating all instances to decrease memory utilization upon reboot.
b. You’re trying to save money. Hibernating an instance is more cost efficient than stopping an instance.
c. Your OS is Windows-based and needs to update. This can only be done by hibernating the instance.
d. You have an application that takes a long time to load. Hibernating the instance prevents you from having to reload it.
d. You have an application that takes a long time to load. Hibernating the instance prevents you from having to reload it.
What is the best way to ensure the security of both data-at-rest and data-in-transit between an instance and its attached EBS storage?
a. Do nothing. EBS volumes are protected by default.Do nothing. EBS volumes are protected by default.
b. Revoke IAM credentials that would allow users to read the data using the EBS service.
c. Encrypt the EBS volume.
d. Copy your EBS volumes to the AWS Secure Region.
c. Encrypt the EBS volume.
You’ve been tasked with creating a highly performant database on your EC2 instance. Which type of EBS volume will support the high level of IOPS that you require?
a. General Purpose
b. Provisioned IOPS
c. Cold HDD
d. Throughput Optimized
b. Provisioned IOPS
True or False? You can create an unencrypted EBS volume from an encrypted snapshot by unselecting the “encryption” check box when restoring it.
False
You’re trying to mount an EBS volume in Availability Zone (AZ) A to an EC2 instance in AZ B. Why isn’t it working?
a. You need to migrate your data to EFS to resolve your block-level storage issues.
b. You didn’t enable cross-AZ for your EBS volume.
c. EC2 instances must be in the same AZ as the EBS volumes.
d. The EBS service is having a problem and your data can’t be read.
c. EC2 instances must be in the same AZ as the EBS volumes.
