Eksamen Flashcards
QUESTION 1
What are the advantage of OPC-UA over traditionally field busses?
Built in security
Self describing object model
It’s an open standard
All of the answers are correct
QUESTION 1
What are the advantage of OPC-UA over traditionally field busses?
Built in security
Self describing object model
It’s an open standard
All of the answers are correct !!!!!!!!!!
QUESTION 2
What is the Address space of an OPC-UA Server?
The IP address of the server
The browsable nodes on the server
A list of the clients that are allowed to connect to the server
The allocated memory for each connection
QUESTION 2
What is the Address space of an OPC-UA Server?
The IP address of the server
The browsable nodes on the server !!!!!!!!!!!!!!
A list of the clients that are allowed to connect to the server
The allocated memory for each connection
QUESTION 3
What is a NodeID?
A unique id of a client
A unique id of a server
A unique id of an object (variable, program, datatype etc.)
A unique id of a security certificate
QUESTION 3
What is a NodeID?
A unique id of a client
A unique id of a server
A unique id of an object (variable, program, datatype etc.) !!!!!!!!!!!
A unique id of a security certificate
QUESTION 4
Is OPC-UA a deterministic realtime protocol?
It depends on the amount of data that has to be transferred
Yes - but only together with TSN
Yes - OPC-UA is an industrial protocol and is of course deterministic
No - OPC-UA is based on TCP-IP which is not deterministic nor realtime
QUESTION 4
Is OPC-UA a deterministic realtime protocol?
It depends on the amount of data that has to be transferred
Yes - but only together with TSN !!!!!!!!!!!
Yes - OPC-UA is an industrial protocol and is of course deterministic
No - OPC-UA is based on TCP-IP which is not deterministic nor realtime
QUESTION 5
When calling a method from an OPC-UA client, where is the method executed?
Only on the server
Only on the client
The method is executed on all connected clients
Methods are not yet supported by OPC-UA but will be added in the future
QUESTION 5
When calling a method from an OPC-UA client, where is the method executed?
Only on the server !!!!!!!!!
Only on the client
The method is executed on all connected clients
Methods are not yet supported by OPC-UA but will be added in the future
QUESTION 6
One of the following node references does NOT exist in the default namespaces. Which one?
Organizes
HasComponent
HasProperty
HasElement
QUESTION 6
One of the following node references does NOT exist in the default namespaces. Which one?
Organizes
HasComponent
HasProperty
HasElement !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
QUESTION 7
When configuring an OpcUa_Any device on the B&R PLC, what type of OPC-UA service are we dealing with?
A standard OPC-UA Server
A custom B&R OPC-UA Server
A basic OPC-UA client
The device is a server and a client at the same time
QUESTION 7
When configuring an OpcUa_Any device on the B&R PLC, what type of OPC-UA service are we dealing with?
A standard OPC-UA Server
A custom B&R OPC-UA Server
A basic OPC-UA client !!!!!!
The device is a server and a client at the same time
QUESTION 8
What is the difference between a node subscription function and a node read function?
Nothing. It is two words for the same thing
The node read is only returning the value of the node once when it is called. The node subscription is handled by the server and is continuously monitoring the node and sending new values to the client when the value has changed.
Node read is only possible with a Client/Server setup where node subscription is only possible with a Pub/Sub setup.
The two functions has to be defined on the server first. It is up to the user how the two functions are implemented.
QUESTION 8
What is the difference between a node subscription function and a node read function?
Nothing. It is two words for the same thing
The node read is only returning the value of the node once when it is called. The node subscription is handled by the server and is continuously monitoring the node and sending new values to the client when the value has changed. !!!!!!!!
Node read is only possible with a Client/Server setup where node subscription is only possible with a Pub/Sub setup.
The two functions has to be defined on the server first. It is up to the user how the two functions are implemented.
QUESTION 9
How many Controlled nodes can you have on a single Powerlink network?
239
32767
127
Unlimited
QUESTION 9
How many Controlled nodes can you have on a single Powerlink network?
239 !!!!!!!!!!!!
32767
127
Unlimited
QUESTION 10
What are the benefit of using the Broadcast feature of Powerlink?
It can be used for checksum validation of data on the bus, to ensure high data integrity
“It is used by the master (Managing node) to monitor the ““heart beat”” of all the Slaves (Controlled nodes) to quickly and safe act on connection errors”
it is used to configure the network fast, without having to set up each node individually
“It is used by the nodes on the network to ““cross communicate”” directly to each other. This way data exchange can happen in only one Powerlink cycle.”
QUESTION 10
What are the benefit of using the Broadcast feature of Powerlink?
It can be used for checksum validation of data on the bus, to ensure high data integrity
“It is used by the master (Managing node) to monitor the ““heart beat”” of all the Slaves (Controlled nodes) to quickly and safe act on connection errors”
it is used to configure the network fast, without having to set up each node individually
“It is used by the nodes on the network to ““cross communicate”” directly to each other. This way data exchange can happen in only one Powerlink cycle.”!!!!!!!!!!!
QUESTION 11
What is needed when interfacing a Profinet device?
XDD File
GSD File
EDS File
DBC File
QUESTION 11
What is needed when interfacing a Profinet device?
XDD File
GSD File !!!!!!!!!!!
EDS File
DBC File
QUESTION 12
What is needed when interfacing a powerlink device
GSD File
XDD File - Kan også være XDC
DBC File
EDS File
QUESTION 12
What is needed when interfacing a powerlink device
GSD File
XDD File - Kan også være XDC !!!!!!!!
DBC File
EDS File
QUESTION 13
What are the cascaded controller order in the servo drive used during the assignments?
(1) Position controller (2) Speed controller (3) Current controller
(1) Speed controller (2) Position controller (3) Current controller
(1) Position controller (2) Speed controller (3) Voltage controller
(1) Speed controller (2) Current controller (3) Voltage controller
QUESTION 13
What are the cascaded controller order in the servo drive used during the assignments?
(1) Position controller (2) Speed controller (3) Current controller !!!!!
(1) Speed controller (2) Position controller (3) Current controller
(1) Position controller (2) Speed controller (3) Voltage controller
(1) Speed controller (2) Current controller (3) Voltage controller
QUESTION 14
What feedback do you get from the motor encoder?
Actual position
Actual position + Actual speed
Actual speed
Actual position difference from last cycle
QUESTION 14
What feedback do you get from the motor encoder?
Actual position !!!!!!!
Actual position + Actual speed
Actual speed
Actual position difference from last cycle
QUESTION 15
What is the purpose of the predictive part in the Position controller?
To compensate for frictions, inertia and load torque
To compensate for the speed filters
To compensate for dead time in the mechanical system
To compensate for the system discretization
QUESTION 15
What is the purpose of the predictive part in the Position controller?
To compensate for frictions, inertia and load torque !!!!!!!!!
To compensate for the speed filters
To compensate for dead time in the mechanical system
To compensate for the system discretization
QUESTION 16
What are the benefits of the Feed Forward Controller?
Predicts the acceleration/deceleration and adds to the Speed controller speed error
Predicts the acceleration/deceleration and adds to the Position controller position error
It compensates for system dead time
It compensates for system loads and frictions
QUESTION 16
What are the benefits of the Feed Forward Controller?
Predicts the acceleration/deceleration and adds to the Speed controller speed error
Predicts the acceleration/deceleration and adds to the Position controller position error !!!!!!!
It compensates for system dead time
It compensates for system loads and frictions
QUESTION 17
We have traced an additive movement, what is traced from the top down?
Acceleration, position and speed
Position, speed and acceleration
Speed, position and acceleration
Position, acceleration and speed
QUESTION 17
We have traced an additive movement, what is traced from the top down?
Acceleration, position and speed
Position, speed and acceleration !!!!!!!
Speed, position and acceleration
Position, acceleration and speed
QUESTION 18
In what order should a manual servo loop tuning be performed?
Tune the speed controller, with position controller switched off to until lag error measurement is acceptable; then tune the position controller.
Tune the speed controller, with position controller switched off until instability is reached; then tune the position controller.
Tune the position controller, with speed controller switched off to until instability is reached, then tune the speed controller.
Tune the position controller, then the speed controller and finally the current controller.
QUESTION 18
In what order should a manual servo loop tuning be performed?
Tune the speed controller, with position controller switched off to until lag error measurement is acceptable; then tune the position controller. !!!!!
Tune the speed controller, with position controller switched off until instability is reached; then tune the position controller.
Tune the position controller, with speed controller switched off to until instability is reached, then tune the speed controller.
Tune the position controller, then the speed controller and finally the current controller.
QUESTION 19
The servo loop performance of a mechanical system is best analyzed with the following method?
With a Bode plot
Tracing the lag error on a movement
Tracing the actual position, speed and acceleration on a movement
Using Fast Fourier Transformation to find resonance frequencies
QUESTION 19
The servo loop performance of a mechanical system is best analyzed with the following method?
With a Bode plot !!!!!!
Tracing the lag error on a movement
Tracing the actual position, speed and acceleration on a movement
Using Fast Fourier Transformation to find resonance frequencies
QUESTION 20
The anti-resonance frequency is defined by the following
A pronounced minimum in the amplitude of one oscillator at a particular frequency
A pronounced maxmum in the amplitude of one oscillator at a particular frequency
A pronounced minimum phase shift of one oscillator at a particular frequency
Is the center frequency of the resonance frequency
QUESTION 20
The anti-resonance frequency is defined by the following
A pronounced minimum in the amplitude of one oscillator at a particular frequency !!!!!!
A pronounced maxmum in the amplitude of one oscillator at a particular frequency
A pronounced minimum phase shift of one oscillator at a particular frequency
Is the center frequency of the resonance frequency
QUESTION 21
Which of the following filters had the best effect on the tuning parameters in the portfolio assignement Servo Loop Performance?
Without filter
Bi-quad filter
Low pass filter
Notch filter
QUESTION 21
Which of the following filters had the best effect on the tuning parameters in the portfolio assignement Servo Loop Performance?
Without filter
Bi-quad filter
Low pass filter
Notch filter !!!!!!
QUESTION 22
The mechanical system tuned in the portfolio assignment Servo Loop Performance, can be defined as:
A multi-order dynamical system
A 1st order dynamical system
A 2nd order dynamical system
None of the above
QUESTION 22
The mechanical system tuned in the portfolio assignment Servo Loop Performance, can be defined as:
A multi-order dynamical system
A 1st order dynamical system
A 2nd order dynamical system !!!!!
None of the above
QUESTION 23
The bandwidth of a mechanical system is defined by:
The frequency at which the closed loop amplitude response crosses 0 dB
The frequency at which the closed loop amplitude response falls to -3 dB
The frequency at which the closed loop phase crosses -180 deg
The frequency at which the open loop amplitude response falls to -3 dB
QUESTION 23
The bandwidth of a mechanical system is defined by:
The frequency at which the closed loop amplitude response crosses 0 dB
The frequency at which the closed loop amplitude response falls to -3 dB !!!!!!
The frequency at which the closed loop phase crosses -180 deg
The frequency at which the open loop amplitude response falls to -3 dB
QUESTION 24
Which of the following has influence on the performance of a mechnical system
Inertia mismatch
Flexibility of the mechanics
Sample time of the servo controller
All of the above
QUESTION 24
Which of the following has influence on the performance of a mechnical system
Inertia mismatch
Flexibility of the mechanics
Sample time of the servo controller
All of the above !!!!!!
QUESTION 25
What is the purpose of the brushes in a DC motor
Cool the rotor
Transfer electricity to the rotor
Dampen the acustic noise
Dampend the EMI
QUESTION 25
What is the purpose of the brushes in a DC motor
Cool the rotor
Transfer electricity to the rotor !!!!!
Dampen the acustic noise
Dampend the EMI
QUESTION 26
What is typical wearing part of a DC motor
The magnets
The axle
The isolation material
The brushes
QUESTION 26
What is typical wearing part of a DC motor
The magnets
The axle
The isolation material
The brushes !!!!!
QUESTION 27
Can a stepper motor run directly from a DC source
No
Yes
Yes, but very slow
Yes, but only at full speed
QUESTION 27
Can a stepper motor run directly from a DC source
No !!!!!
Yes
Yes, but very slow
Yes, but only at full speed
QUESTION 28
What is the typical benefit of a stepper motor
High speed
High torque density
Low noise
Very linear speed
QUESTION 28
What is the typical benefit of a stepper motor
High speed
High torque density !!!!!!
Low noise
Very linear speed
QUESTION 29
What is the typical voltage range of stepper motors
230-480V
115-230V
5-80V
0-3V
QUESTION 29
What is the typical voltage range of stepper motors
230-480V
115-230V
5-80V !!!!!!
0-3V
QUESTION 30
Why is the asynchronous motor so common
High precision
Very compact
Low cost
Very efficient
QUESTION 30
Why is the asynchronous motor so common
High precision
Very compact
Low cost !!!!!
Very efficient
QUESTION 31
How is the magnetic field typically generated in synchronous motors
By injecting AC current into the supply
By the rotational force
By permanent magnets
It is not needed
QUESTION 31
How is the magnetic field typically generated in synchronous motors
By injecting AC current into the supply
By the rotational force
By permanent magnets !!!!!!
It is not needed
QUESTION 32
What are the main parts of a frequency inverter (converters?)
Rectifier + DC-bus
Rectifier + DC-bus + Inverter
Inverter + DC-bus + Inverter
Solid state relay
QUESTION 32
What are the main parts of a frequency inverter (converters?)
Rectifier + DC-bus
Rectifier + DC-bus + Inverter !!!!!!
Inverter + DC-bus + Inverter
Solid state relay
QUESTION 33
What is mandatory in a closed loop servo motor system
Stepper motor
A common DC-bus
A motor with permanent magnets
Some sort of encoder feedback from the motor
QUESTION 33
What is mandatory in a closed loop servo motor system
Stepper motor
A common DC-bus
A motor with permanent magnets
Some sort of encoder feedback from the motor !!!!
QUESTION 34
What is the difference between incremental- & absolute encoder
Incremental encoder is the most precise
Absolute encoder is the most precise
Incremental is best for high speed applications
Absolute encoder can remember the position after power interruption
QUESTION 34
What is the difference between incremental- & absolute encoder
Incremental encoder is the most precise
Absolute encoder is the most precise
Incremental is best for high speed applications
Absolute encoder can remember the position after power interruption !!!!!!
QUESTION 35
Which signal type does a resolver deliver
High voltage (>24V)
Analog
TTL pulse train
RS485 protocol
QUESTION 35
Which signal type does a resolver deliver
High voltage (>24V)
Analog !!!!!!
TTL pulse train
RS485 protocol
QUESTION 36
What is the definition of inertia mismatch in motor design
The quality of the mechanical coupling
The gear ratio between the load & motor
The load inertia compared to the motors rotor inertia
The weight of the motors rotor divided by the motors torque
QUESTION 36
What is the definition of inertia mismatch in motor design
The quality of the mechanical coupling
The gear ratio between the load & motor
The load inertia compared to the motors rotor inertia !!!!!
The weight of the motors rotor divided by the motors torque
QUESTION 37
In which PLCopen state is the MoveAbsolute executed?
Standstill
Continuous Motion
Discrete Motion
Running Motion
QUESTION 37
In which PLCopen state is the MoveAbsolute executed?
Standstill
Continuous Motion
Discrete Motion !!!!!!
Running Motion
QUESTION 38
How is the master axis affected to the function ‘gear in’ from a slave axis?
Master follows the slave
Master waits for the master and slave speed to match
Master axis must always be faster than the slave
Master axis is not affected at all
QUESTION 38
How is the master axis affected to the function ‘gear in’ from a slave axis?
Master follows the slave
Master waits for the master and slave speed to match
Master axis must always be faster than the slave
Master axis is not affected at all !!!!!
If we have a mechanical non-periodic system, where 5 motor revolutions equals to 1 revolution on the output shaft of a gearbox, and 1 revolution of the output shaft of the gearbox gives a mechanical movement of 15mm, and we want to achieve an application resolution of 0,01mm, then how should the motor_rev, units, periode and factor values be set in PLCopen?
rev_motor = 5, units = 1500, period = 0, factor = 100
rev_motor = 5, units = 150, period = 0, factor = 100
rev_motor = 50, units = 1500, period = 0, factor = 1000
rev_motor = 5, units = 1500, period = 0, factor = 1000
If we have a mechanical non-periodic system, where 5 motor revolutions equals to 1 revolution on the output shaft of a gearbox, and 1 revolution of the output shaft of the gearbox gives a mechanical movement of 15mm, and we want to achieve an application resolution of 0,01mm, then how should the motor_rev, units, periode and factor values be set in PLCopen?
rev_motor = 5, units = 1500, period = 0, factor = 100
Answer: 331, 332 Datasheet - As said we have 5 motion revolutions for one revolution of the gearbox. This in turn moves the output movement 15mm. This is described as 15 units. We want a precision of 0,01mm. We then need to multiply the unit value by 100 (This is the factor), giving us a unit = 1500. The period is only used for periodic axis (e.g. a conveyor belt). At this value the position is reset and counts from 0 again. As this is not required here. The period is zero.
rev_motor = 5, units = 150, period = 0, factor = 100
rev_motor = 50, units = 1500, period = 0, factor = 1000
rev_motor = 5, units = 1500, period = 0, factor = 1000
QUESTION 40
When does an axis enter state Standstill after a MC_Stop() command?
When the MC_Stop.Done = TRUE
When the axis speed is 0
When the MC_Stop.Done = TRUE and MC_Stop.Execute is set to false
When the MC_Stop.Done = TRUE and MC_Power.Done = TRUE
QUESTION 40
When does an axis enter state Standstill after a MC_Stop() command?
When the MC_Stop.Done = TRUE
When the axis speed is 0
When the MC_Stop.Done = TRUE and MC_Stop.Execute is set to false
When the MC_Stop.Done = TRUE and MC_Power.Done = TRUE !!!!!!
QUESTION 41
PLCopen motion control function blocks either have an enable or execute input. What is the difference?
Enable looks at the input level, where execute looks for a rising edge.
Execute looks at the input level, where enable looks for a rising edge.
Enable needs to be tied to a variable and execute must be tied to a physical button.
There is no difference.
QUESTION 41
PLCopen motion control function blocks either have an enable or execute input. What is the difference?
Enable looks at the input level, where execute looks for a rising edge. !!!!!
Execute looks at the input level, where enable looks for a rising edge.
Enable needs to be tied to a variable and execute must be tied to a physical button.
There is no difference.
QUESTION 42
From which PLCopen state, can an axis enter the Errorstop state?
Only from the Aborting state
From all states that perform a movement of the axis
From any state - if the axis is powered on and homed
From any state - If an error has occurred on the axis
QUESTION 42
From which PLCopen state, can an axis enter the Errorstop state?
Only from the Aborting state
From all states that perform a movement of the axis
From any state - if the axis is powered on and homed
From any state - If an error has occurred on the axis !!!!
QUESTION 43
Which of the following are inputs, that PLCopen all function blocks have?
Axis reference and Enable/Execute
Axis reference and acceleration/deceleration
Master and slave axis references
Enable and execute
QUESTION 43
Which of the following are inputs, that PLCopen all function blocks have?
Axis reference and Enable/Execute !!!!!
Axis reference and acceleration/deceleration
Master and slave axis references
Enable and execute
QUESTION 44
What happens if a PLCopen function block is called with execute input set TRUE for 1 scan, and then the execute input is set FALSE?
The execution of the function block is aborted
The function block gets stuck in a loop, and never finished the execution.
The function block reports back an error ID.
The function block is executing correctly - Output signals are only present for 1 scan after completion.
QUESTION 44
What happens if a PLCopen function block is called with execute input set TRUE for 1 scan, and then the execute input is set FALSE?
The execution of the function block is aborted
The function block gets stuck in a loop, and never finished the execution.
The function block reports back an error ID.
The function block is executing correctly - Output signals are only present for 1 scan after completion. !!!!!
QUESTION 45
What does it mean, If an axis is configured as a periodic axis?
The PLCopen axis position will roll over, when the maximum value of the position datatype is reached (DINT 2^32).
The PLCopen axis position will roll over and restart from the home position, every time the periodic position is reached - The axis scaling itself is overwritten by the axis period.
Singleturn encoder motors are always periodic, multiturn encoders are non-periodic.
The PLCopen axis position will roll over and restart from 0, every time the periodic position is reached - The axis scaling itself is not affected.
QUESTION 45
What does it mean, If an axis is configured as a periodic axis?
The PLCopen axis position will roll over, when the maximum value of the position datatype is reached (DINT 2^32).
The PLCopen axis position will roll over and restart from the home position, every time the periodic position is reached - The axis scaling itself is overwritten by the axis period.
Singleturn encoder motors are always periodic, multiturn encoders are non-periodic.
The PLCopen axis position will roll over and restart from 0, every time the periodic position is reached - The axis scaling itself is not affected. !!!!!
QUESTION 46
What is the Position input on the MC_Home function block?
It is what the position value will be set to, after a homing has been completed.
This is the home position, and should always be set to 0.
It is the home position, that is used exclusively when homing mode Direct is used.
It is the physical value of the axis encoder in the home position.
QUESTION 46
What is the Position input on the MC_Home function block?
It is what the position value will be set to, after a homing has been completed.
This is the home position, and should always be set to 0.
It is the home position, that is used exclusively when homing mode Direct is used.
It is the physical value of the axis encoder in the home position. !!!!!!
QUESTION 47
What is the difference between Discrete and Continous movement types in PLCopen motion?
Discrete movements happen in Synchronized Motion state, but only for the slave axis. Continous movements happen in Continous Motion state, and are movements that have no defined end, and will continue until stopped or interrupted by another movement.
Discrete movements happen in Discrete Motion state, and are movements that have a defined end. Continous movements happen in Continous Motion state, and are movements that have no defined end, and will continue until stopped or interrupted by another movement.
Discrete movements happen in Discrete Motion state, and are movements that have a defined end. Continous movements happen in Synchronized Motion state, but only for the slave axis.
Servo motors always operate in discrete movement, while frequency inverters always operation in continous movement.
QUESTION 47
What is the difference between Discrete and Continous movement types in PLCopen motion?
Discrete movements happen in Synchronized Motion state, but only for the slave axis. Continous movements happen in Continous Motion state, and are movements that have no defined end, and will continue until stopped or interrupted by another movement.
Discrete movements happen in Discrete Motion state, and are movements that have a defined end. Continous movements happen in Continous Motion state, and are movements that have no defined end, and will continue until stopped or interrupted by another movement. !!!!!
Discrete movements happen in Discrete Motion state, and are movements that have a defined end. Continous movements happen in Synchronized Motion state, but only for the slave axis.
Servo motors always operate in discrete movement, while frequency inverters always operation in continous movement.
QUESTION 48
What is the definition of lag error on an axis?
Axis is in an error state, and cannot be started
The difference between the set position, and the actual position
The axis is running uneven, a laggy motion.
A set position has been requested, which is outside the period of a periodic axis
QUESTION 48
What is the definition of lag error on an axis?
Axis is in an error state, and cannot be started
The difference between the set position, and the actual position !!!!!
The axis is running uneven, a laggy motion.
A set position has been requested, which is outside the period of a periodic axis
QUESTION 49
What runtime capabilites has Automation Runtime
Real-time performance
Non deterministic execution
Multi-threading system
Real-time, non deterministic and multi-threading
QUESTION 49
What runtime capabilites has Automation Runtime
Real-time performance !!!!!
Non deterministic execution
Multi-threading system
Real-time, non deterministic and multi-threading
QUESTION 50
What is the most important difference between Automation Runtime and Windows
Input/output modules can be connected
OPC-UA server
Deterministic task scheduling
Windows cannot run on an industrial PC
QUESTION 50
What is the most important difference between Automation Runtime and Windows
Input/output modules can be connected
OPC-UA server
Deterministic task scheduling !!!!!
Windows cannot run on an industrial PC
QUESTION 51
What kind of service it not a standard part of the Automation Runtime?
MySQL database
Web server
FTP server
OPC-UA server
QUESTION 51
What kind of service it not a standard part of the Automation Runtime?
MySQL database !!!!!
Web server
FTP server
OPC-UA server
QUESTION 52
What kind of PLC memory is used to store the values of PLC variables after a power failure?
SRAM and FRAM
SRAM
DRAM
FRAM
QUESTION 52
What kind of PLC memory is used to store the values of PLC variables after a power failure?
SRAM and FRAM
SRAM
DRAM !!!!!
FRAM
QUESTION 53
What kind of PLC memory could be compared to RAM on a personal computer?
SRAM
DRAM
FRAM
ROM
QUESTION 53
What kind of PLC memory could be compared to RAM on a personal computer?
SRAM
DRAM !!!!!
FRAM
ROM
QUESTION 54
What kind of PLC memory is important if you mark a PLC variable as retained?
SRAM or FRAM
Flash memory
DRAM
Cache memory
QUESTION 54
What kind of PLC memory is important if you mark a PLC variable as retained?
SRAM or FRAM !!!!!
Flash memory
DRAM
Cache memory
QUESTION 55
What kind of PLC memory is relying on a battery in the PLC?
DRAM
Flash memory
FRAM
SRAM
QUESTION 55
What kind of PLC memory is relying on a battery in the PLC?
DRAM
Flash memory
FRAM
SRAM !!!!!
QUESTION 56
Where is the PLC program saved when the PLC is not powered on?
Flash memory
FRAM
SRAM
DRAM
QUESTION 56
Where is the PLC program saved when the PLC is not powered on?
Flash memory !!!!!
FRAM
SRAM
DRAM
QUESTION 57
What is a watch-dog on a PLC?
It is a restart button on the PLC
It is a service that monitors that the scheduler timing rules can be fulfilled
It is an interrupt service that the programmer can use.
It is an I/O scheduler service.
QUESTION 57
What is a watch-dog on a PLC?
It is a restart button on the PLC
It is a service that monitors that the scheduler timing rules can be fulfilled !!!!!
It is an interrupt service that the programmer can use.
It is an I/O scheduler service.
QUESTION 58
What happens if you try to create an endless while loop in your PLC program?
It uses all ressources on the PLC and leaves no time for other processes.
It triggers a watch-dog after some time and the PLC goes to service mode
It is allowed to run endlessly, but only when the task is scheduled to run by the scheduler.
The compiler will give you an error as it is not allowed.
QUESTION 58
What happens if you try to create an endless while loop in your PLC program?
It uses all ressources on the PLC and leaves no time for other processes.
It triggers a watch-dog after some time and the PLC goes to service mode !!!!!
It is allowed to run endlessly, but only when the task is scheduled to run by the scheduler.
The compiler will give you an error as it is not allowed.
QUESTION 59
What could be the best solution if you have a program that require real-time performance every 400 µs, but once in a while you have to do some heavy mathematical algorithms which takes more than 400 µs for the PLC to complete?
Set task-class cycle time of 400us and a tolerance time at 0us
Set task-class cycle time to 400 us and higher task class tolerance
Get a better performing PLC.
Split the program into two task classes
QUESTION 59
What could be the best solution if you have a program that require real-time performance every 400 µs, but once in a while you have to do some heavy mathematical algorithms which takes more than 400 µs for the PLC to complete?
Set task-class cycle time of 400us and a tolerance time at 0us
Set task-class cycle time to 400 us and higher task class tolerance
Get a better performing PLC.
Split the program into two task classes !!!!!
QUESTION 60
What is idle-time?
Time where the PLC is doing nothing
Time where scheduled tasks can be executed
Time where the PLC is executing tasks that does not need to be scheduled
Time where I/O scheduling is done
QUESTION 60
What is idle-time?
Time where the PLC is doing nothing !!!!!
Time where scheduled tasks can be executed
Time where the PLC is executing tasks that does not need to be scheduled
Time where I/O scheduling is done
QUESTION 61
What would be a reason for choosing one of the graphical programming languages?
Easy to troubleshoot by e.g. a service engineer or a technician.
Gives a good overview of very large programs.
Can easily be converted to high level languages if needed.
Graphical languages are old school and will never be chosen for a new project.
QUESTION 61
What would be a reason for choosing one of the graphical programming languages?
Easy to troubleshoot by e.g. a service engineer or a technician. !!!!
Gives a good overview of very large programs.
Can easily be converted to high level languages if needed.
Graphical languages are old school and will never be chosen for a new project.
QUESTION 62
Instruction List memory usage - Which statement is true?
Instruction List uses a lot of memory, because it is a high level language.
Instruction List uses a lot of memory, because you have to program many lines, even for simple tasks.
Instruction List uses little memory, because it is a low level language.
Instruction List only uses little memory if you avoid using labels.
QUESTION 62
Instruction List memory usage - Which statement is true?
Instruction List uses a lot of memory, because it is a high level language.
Instruction List uses a lot of memory, because you have to program many lines, even for simple tasks.
Instruction List uses little memory, because it is a low level language. !!!!!!
Instruction List only uses little memory if you avoid using labels.
QUESTION 63
According to the Ladder Diagram standard, what must be obeyed?
You may not use power flows.
You may not call functions or function blocks.
You may not use contacts.
You may not set a coil more than once in a program.
QUESTION 63
According to the Ladder Diagram standard, what must be obeyed?
You may not use power flows.
You may not call functions or function blocks.
You may not use contacts.
You may not set a coil more than once in a program. !!!!!
QUESTION 64
Ladder Diagrams have a close resemblance with:
High level programming languages.
Electrical diagrams.
Mathematical equations.
Flow diagrams.
QUESTION 64
Ladder Diagrams have a close resemblance with:
High level programming languages.
Electrical diagrams. !!!!!!
Mathematical equations.
Flow diagrams.
QUESTION 65
Is it possible to use loops in Structured Text?
Yes, you can use loops like WHILE, FOR and REPEAT.
No, loops cannot be used, because it is a low level language.
Yes, but you can only use the FOR loop.
Yes, but you can only use WHILE and FOR loops.
QUESTION 65
Is it possible to use loops in Structured Text?
Yes, you can use loops like WHILE, FOR and REPEAT. !!!!!
No, loops cannot be used, because it is a low level language.
Yes, but you can only use the FOR loop.
Yes, but you can only use WHILE and FOR loops.
QUESTION 66
What is the maximum value of an UINT variable?
127
32767
65536
65535
QUESTION 66
What is the maximum value of an UINT variable?
127
32767
65536
65535 !!!!
QUESTION 67
What is the value of testVar if step = 6 (see example code in picture)?
“testVar = 15;”
“testVar = 20;”
“testVar = 25;”
The example code cannot be executed, because of programming errors.
QUESTION 67
What is the value of testVar if step = 6 (see example code in picture)?
“testVar = 15;”
“testVar = 20;”
“testVar = 25;”
The example code cannot be executed, because of programming errors.
QUESTION 68
What is the purpose of on a safe digital input module?
To be able to detect short-circuit to supply
To be able to detect short-circuit to ground
To be able to detect short-circuit to other channels
All of the above are correct
QUESTION 68
What is the purpose of on a safe digital input module?
To be able to detect short-circuit to supply
To be able to detect short-circuit to ground
To be able to detect short-circuit to other channels
All of the above are correct !!!!!
QUESTION 69
What does “via safelogic” mean for a safety output?
Only the non safe application controls the ouput states
Only the safe logic application can control the output state
Both non safe and safe applications control the output state
Output state is permanently on
QUESTION 69
What does “via safelogic” mean for a safety output?
Only the non safe application controls the ouput states
Only the safe logic application can control the output state !!!!!
Both non safe and safe applications control the output state
Output state is permanently on
QUESTION 70
Where is the safety code executed?
Only in the PLC/CPU
Both in the PLC/CPU and the SafeLogic
Only in the SafeLogic
None of the above
QUESTION 70
Where is the safety code executed?
Only in the PLC/CPU
Both in the PLC/CPU and the SafeLogic
Only in the SafeLogic !! - Safety koden bliver kompilet af to forskellige
compiler, og kørt på 2 forskellige cpu’er, så det kan
tjekkes om koden bliverkompileret ens og kørt
rigtig.
None of the above
QUESTION 71
What is the purpose of the self-tests of a safe digital output module?
To be able to detect short-circuit to supply or ground
To be able to detect faults on the hardware itself
To test the emergency stop hardware buttons status (pressed / not pressed)
Only safe digital input modules are equipped with this type of test
QUESTION 71
What is the purpose of the self-tests of a safe digital output module?
To be able to detect short-circuit to supply or ground !!- Den skal være I stand til at slukke
for systemet selv I korte pulser.
Hvis den ikke kan det, så er det
fordi der er short-curcuit et sted.
To be able to detect faults on the hardware itself
To test the emergency stop hardware buttons status (pressed / not pressed)
Only safe digital input modules are equipped with this type of test
QUESTION 72
Which of the following is not part of the safety response time?
The time for the operator to react on an emergency situation
Signal processing time in the sensor
Application processing in the safety PLC
Time for the actuator to stop
QUESTION 72
Which of the following is not part of the safety response time?
The time for the operator to react on an emergency situation !!!!!
Signal processing time in the sensor
Application processing in the safety PLC
Time for the actuator to stop
QUESTION 73
What is openSafety?
A co-operation between vendors of safety hardware
A safe transfer protocol
A library with safety functions and functionblocks
A programming tool for the safety application
QUESTION 73
What is openSafety?
A co-operation between vendors of safety hardware
A safe transfer protocol !! - kører på eksisterende field bus, normal vis power
link, men ikke begrænset til det.
A library with safety functions and functionblocks
A programming tool for the safety application
QUESTION 74
What’s the benefit of integrated safety?
Increases the number of hardware modules that can be integrated in a system
Increased reaction time of safety functions
Gives a more flexible safety system with more opportunities than a traditional system
Reduced over-all cost of the safety related part of a machine
QUESTION 74
What’s the benefit of integrated safety?
Increases the number of hardware modules that can be integrated in a system
Increased reaction time of safety functions
Gives a more flexible safety system with more opportunities than a traditional system !!!!
Reduced over-all cost of the safety related part of a machine
QUESTION 75
What is the “discrepancy time” when talking safety?
The processing time of the signal in the SafePLC
The fieldbus network cycletime
The SafeIO module execution time, i.e. the time it takes to set the output signal
The maximum timedelay between individual signals in a 2-channel safety input
QUESTION 75
What is the “discrepancy time” when talking safety?
The processing time of the signal in the SafePLC
The fieldbus network cycletime
The SafeIO module execution time, i.e. the time it takes to set the output signal
The maximum timedelay between individual signals in a 2-channel safety input - video 2. 18:07
QUESTION 76
Which command should be used if a machine should transist to PackML state Resetting?
Start
Restart
Reset
Execute
QUESTION 76
Which command should be used if a machine should transist to PackML state Resetting?
Start
Restart
Reset !!!!
Execute
QUESTION 77
Which state comes after Resetting in the PackML state model?
Idle
Execute
Stopped
Ready
QUESTION 77
Which state comes after Resetting in the PackML state model?
Idle !!!!
Execute
Stopped
Ready
QUESTION 78
In a machine line, the machine after my machine is blocked, so my machine is not able to deliver its products to the machine next in line.
What PackML state should my machine enter?
Holding / Held
Suspending / Suspended
Blocking / Blocked
Completing / Complete
Holding / Held - Når der er noget internt der blockerer (mangler kapsler)
Suspending / Suspended !!!- når der er noget eksternt der blokerer
Blocking / Blocked - eksisterer ikke
Completing / Complete - er kun til maskiner der kører periodiske tjek. Når maskinens
periode er færdig.
QUESTION 79
An operator presses the emergency stop button. Which state should my machine go into?
Stopping / Stopped
Terminating / Terminated
Halting / Haulted
Aborting / Aborted
QUESTION 79
An operator presses the emergency stop button. Which state should my machine go into?
Stopping / Stopped
Terminating / Terminated
Halting / Haulted
Aborting / Aborted !!!!!
QUESTION 80
What does the abbreviation SC mean in PackML?
State Clearing
State Complete
State Continuously
Status Counting
QUESTION 80
What does the abbreviation SC mean in PackML?
State Clearing
State Complete !!!!!
State Continuously
Status Counting
QUESTION 81
Which state type is state CLEARING?
Acting
Waiting
Dual
Running
QUESTION 81
Which state type is state CLEARING?
Acting !!!!!
Waiting
Dual
Running
QUESTION 82
Which of the following is not a mode defined in the PackML standard?
Production
Maintenance
Manual
Automatic
QUESTION 82
Which of the following is not a mode defined in the PackML standard?
Production
Maintenance
Manual
Automatic !!!!!
QUESTION 83
Which PackTags structures are defined in PackML?
Command, Status, Admin
Status, Parameter, Configuration
Command, Alarm, State
Input, Output, In/Out
QUESTION 83
Which PackTags structures are defined in PackML?
Command, Status, Admin !!!!!
Status, Parameter, Configuration
Command, Alarm, State
Input, Output, In/Out
QUESTION 84
The batch produced on the machine has been finalized. Which state would be the correct state to go to afterwards?
Finalising / Finalized
Stopping / Stopped
Completing / Complete
Finishing / Finished
QUESTION 84
The batch produced on the machine has been finalized. Which state would be the correct state to go to afterwards?
Finalising / Finalized
Stopping / Stopped
Completing / Complete -!!! MEN KUN HVIS MASKINEN KØRER BATCH KONTROL?
Finishing / Finished
QUESTION 85
What is the lowest module in the ISA88.00.01 Physical Model?
Equipment module
Control module
Sensor
Input / Output
QUESTION 85
What is the lowest module in the ISA88.00.01 Physical Model?
Equipment module - anden nederst. Mekatroniske moduler. (PackML video 55:00)
Control module - Nederst. Mere simple funktioner på maskinen. !!!!
Sensor - er ikke med I modellen
Input / Output - er ikke med I modellen
QUESTION 86
What is the unit of the MachSpeed PackTag?
Meters / Second
Primary Packages / Minute
Meter / Hour
OEE - Overal equipment effectiveness = Availability * performance *
quality
QUESTION 86
What is the unit of the MachSpeed PackTag?
Meters / Second
Primary Packages / Minute !!!!!!
Meter / Hour
OEE - Overal equipment effectiveness = Availability * performance *
quality
QUESTION 87
In which state is the machine producing its products?
Execute
Produce
Running
Fabricate
QUESTION 87
In which state is the machine producing its products?
Execute !!!!
Produce
Running
Fabricate
