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NCLEX Simple Nursing > EKG Rhythms > Flashcards

EKG Rhythms Flashcards

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1
Q

https://www.google.com/search?client=ms-android-att-us-rvc3&sca_esv=3248254e93e9ddf0&sxsrf=ACQVn08Y0r5bxY9ntwKOJz4EKIMDQ42r6g:1709339875450&q=normal+sinus+rhythm&uds=AMwkrPs4mDHqV7QfY9nYaKRHgvE9AI0J0atYelitCDhmQLPn4TrKHQI66QYWfNC_V-PVx3o6OykGSAIjnUeSps9P0Pleynub4I2ufBRLvBjy5ReD0xsjrFZnppZSX0xU7zTDvdUsOPIIurhlnudk-LExlcO2Dh-x78kePl4mEuLtu7n2qU0Czest34JLe6vqcNJYs6VIQRvm6sYMO1G8FrkuMzJLUyGPs4Mp1Vy6W998Dp10kwvodR-3NEy0IrobxW2O97CZ6GKUQvIQ8xdhLvBY6OnH8fjpGjnelMUSWvTBZyWotqUJNodH0c99lJi14g5Fs-tAX2DMf9P6RoW1zfs0nzwmz6uglOOOamTKZAPixcoh9eEDLRc&udm=2&prmd=ivsnbmhtz&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjjl8ugq9SEAxXKhIkEHWECD5cQtKgLegQIChAB&biw=384&bih=700&dpr=2.81#vhid=duXVGu_1NvZ7_M&vssid=mosaic&vwlns=WyIwQ0JjUWg2Y0dhaGNLRXdqNHhJaXBxOVNFQXhVQUFBQUFIUUFBQUFBUUJBIl0=&lns=W251bGwsbnVsbCxudWxsLG51bGwsbnVsbCxudWxsLG51bGwsIkVrY0tKRGN6WldGalkyTTRMVEUxTjJNdE5ETmpNQzA0TVRrekxURmhOREF6WkRjNVpUSmpaaElmTkhkelpWSndUaTE1V1UxbFVVVjFlRFl4WHpJd1dFUTRUMHBNU2pONFp3PT0iXQ==

A

Normal Sinus Rhythm

Normal healthy Rhythm

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2
Q

https://www.google.com/search?q=bradycardia%20ecg%20vs%20normal%20ecg&hl=en&udm=2&uds=AMwkrPsrGS83aWYAdC1M2PI7VcGaAhSee3CQ9kHe2B-zZgX49JQzGqoESUuY4z4VwnR9fJpJpi4K_7ISsBfiW6kmDsJXzeWbwjutCgFp5fJ7l6ONzsDIjvz8oOVhsSfUxk4cOitVP1-Mzm2EE0K5h3g6Y18KtJZkORQWjNNTPEwHn9hVG7CtulNvAWwisnb7G_neXZ4OcKSYCNiD8mweEHc1qWzw1b8PQPF1WYEElnndRppOtHun4aJA-Z3sfFYHPKiuPHe_ph2COFvYUTKz_tnRo1IF01OVCEdT51DZgRBPmF25DKlln74oilViNqs0mYODT4ZiRth-O4c3mxcEjoEqJnlnnlPSNzCEcecSmXtfUF_gfYnxAiE&sa=X&ved=0CBoQtI8BKABqFwoTCNDz_Jys1IQDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAa&biw=384&bih=700&dpr=2.81#vhid=yupyr8xIDlZ7WM&vssid=mosaic

A

Bradycardia <60 bpm

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3
Q

Chemical treatment for Bradycardia

Why is it given

A

Atropine

Only if symptomatic showing low perfusion.

(Pale, Cool, Clammy)

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4
Q

Atropine

What is it used for

A

Atropine increases heart rate.

Used for Bradycardia

Memory Trick

Makes HR High like being on a pine tree.

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5
Q

Causes of Bradycardia (3)

Atropine will correct this state

A

Vagal maneuver

CCB, Beta Blockers

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6
Q

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21878-ventricular-fibrillation

A

V Fib

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7
Q

V Fib Treatment

1st treatment

A

Defib

Stop CPR to do it & before drugs

No synchronization needes

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8
Q

3 drugs given for V Fib

A

Lidocaine
treats cardiac arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia that Doesn’t respond to defibrillation.

Amiodarone

Amiodarone is a common treatment for arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation (AFib). It helps the heart stay in a normal rhythm, especially in people with underlying heart problems, like heart failure

Procainamide

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9
Q

Lidocaine
Amiodarone
Procainamide

Are given for

A

V fib

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10
Q

Causes of V fib

A

Untreated V Tach

Post MI

Proarrythmic meds

Electrolyte imbalance

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11
Q

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23215-monomorphic-ventricular-tachycardia

A

Ventricular Tachycardia

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12
Q

Causes of Ventricular Tachycardia

A

Post MI
Hypoxia
Low K
Low Mg

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13
Q

Treatment for Ventricular Tachycardia

No pulse / pulse

A

D Fib

No pulse = shock immediately

Pulse = Synchronize, Sedate, Cardiovert

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14
Q

https://www.jnj.com/innovation/5-things-we-now-know-about-atrial-fibrillation

A

A fib

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15
Q

A fib is a lack of the wave

A

P wave

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16
Q

Causes

Valvular disease
Heart failure
Pulmonary HTN
COPD
after heart surgery

A

A fib

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17
Q

A fib

Causes

A

Valvular disease
Heart failure
Pulmonary HTN
COPD
after heart surgery

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18
Q

Treatment: A Fib

Cardioversion
(After TTE to rule out clots)

How to cardiovascularvet

Which medicines is given for A Fib
(What to check before giving this medication)

A

Push Sync first

Medicine #1 = Digoxin = A Fib Treatment

Check: ATP
Apical Pulse (listen 60 seconds)

Toxicity (Max 2 Range) (Assess for Visual Disturbance, N / V, Anorexia

Potassium <3.5 (Higher Risk for Toxicity)

Medicine #2 = Anticoagulants: Warfarin (Monitor INR, Vit. K “Antidote”, moderate green leafy veggies

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19
Q

https://www.google.com/search?client=ms-android-att-us-rvc3&sca_esv=0fb65671f12eb866&sxsrf=ACQVn09nYoT56te6tfNA_Rp7wyxSjgE91g:1709407558779&q=atrial+flutter&uds=AMwkrPtzlylVkfcph75f4oh2NPkuWBdMhWjuS7TUl0miFr1x8N-tIH_kRasvRdDScixx3olYgk9hePCx2AfXHZtpYskwqBiaxG2XIbg36fXJ-Nvo5dhHzPvBn7eCnvZWvGUptb65abR3j9WtZdR22n-EZZ5TTj5U03-eYlJRFoIN9Oy-cMq–Ur0UD58gT9JZ1NWt_KqxFKZ6oeuD3-0PK-jARdQopw3uOE5UieIGIBEHw0ACzNIi42fwLSyOQ6FDXnAHOOoAZcJggwAkvq-Shy8WG2poOxODfv2F1gzR-xd_CnDcjk04lhbDKIMS54vohkTzfuZUhPHcBoW7hRRtR-eGQUB1BmbVFjDxD3gvS7FCiCxLbUxkXY&udm=2&prmd=ivsnbmhtz&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjc0MSyp9aEAxV1l4kEHecNDkkQtKgLegQICxAB&biw=384&bih=700&dpr=2.81#vhid=bL_yGcM_mMHEWM&vssid=mosaic

A

Atrial Flutter

20
Q

Saw tooth pattern is this Strip

A

Atrial Flutter

21
Q

Atrial Flutter (Saw tooth) has the same Casues & Treatment as ….

A

Atrial Fibrillation

22
Q

https://www.aclsonline.us/rhythms/supraventricular-tachycardia/

A

Supraventricular tachycardia

23
Q

Stimulants, Strenuous exercise, hypoxia, heart disease

A

SVT

Supraventricular tachycardia

24
Q

Supraventricular tachycardia

Causes

A

Stimulants, Strenuous exercise, hypoxia, heart disease

25
Q

Treatment (least to most invasive)

Vagal Maneuver / Ice pack around neck

Adenosine- Rapid Push & Flush with NS- HR may stop

Cardioversion “controlled shock”
Push Sync

A

SVT

Supraventricular tachycardia

26
Q

Which medication should be held 48-hours prior to a Cardioversion for SVT

A

Digoxin

Due to increased ventricular irritation

27
Q

Client with SVT has the following data

HR 200, BP 78 / 40, RR 30

Priority action

A

Synchronized Cardioversion

28
Q

https://www.google.com/search?client=ms-android-att-us-rvc3&sca_esv=a574099b913213c9&sxsrf=ACQVn09BlMW3F3r9-XAeKU2ceDCoEzjz5w:1709409746203&q=torsades+de+pointes+ecg&uds=AMwkrPtR6LTZZi0qBdp0efgGc8BlHGcjIfzw-6zaKQQCmJ1tgNchg46_fsy3Argdrw8vt_T-nBM9PCvJV77OUIZZbnXWE6okrkqdzC1Np8Mkc4_LxgIbP2edly2dhzoO5SUs6fyH5TewOcaBNYmDjSdy-4UyAqXJAbRw9q5iuJqF7R1rEs3dGBP2hd3aoNTuzabNmXS-E4gh2Km8dI1QPX5mFa2OFR1XUf8XZbElRsa3sM88hdHGCmKYrDiOh8tE-chkmU8AhxBTZlnA5xIxqzbdS5wum9F6avyqUuq-y4gdlJ4YY8eB83rnf9GfTx0LD96cF_SpWFMZWoXJvambPvTURrN4zmADz4Y6VLl3Lqe8uqvCReWYa88&udm=2&prmd=ivsnmbhtz&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj4rMrFr9aEAxXtIzQIHQ2IDI8QtKgLegQICxAB&biw=384&bih=700&dpr=2.81#vhid=zmdHzv8KugvNqM&vssid=mosaic

A

Torsades de Pointes

Memory trick

Tornado Pointes

29
Q

Causes:

Post MI, Hypoxia, *Low Magnesium

Treatment: Magnesium Sulfate

A

Torsade de Pointes

30
Q

What does taking Mg do to the heart

A

Mellows out the heart

31
Q

Asystole

Describe

Treatment

A

Flatline

Epinephrine, Atropine, CPR

32
Q

Do you have to synchronize defibrillator before giving a shock to Asystole

A

Don’t give shock for Asystole

33
Q

P wave =

A

Atrial rhythm

34
Q

QRS wave =

A

Ventricular Rhythm

35
Q

Lack of QRS complexes =

A

Asystole

36
Q

Wide bizarre QRS complex =

A

V tach

37
Q

Chaotic rhythm with no P waves =

Chaotic rhythm without QRS complexes =

A

Chaotic rhythm with no P waves =
Atrial Fibrillation

Chaotic rhythm without QRS complexes = Ventricular Fibrillation

38
Q

Bizarre rhythm with wide QRS complexes

A

Ventricular Tachycardia

39
Q

( V Fib / V Tach )

Causes: Post MI, Electrolytes Imbalance, Proarrthymia Drugs, Untreated V Tach

Treatment:
1. Defib, no synch
2. Drugs: Lidocaine, Amiodarone, Procainamide

(V Fib / V Tach)

Causes: Post MI, Low K / Mg, Hypoxia

Treatment:
Early Defib
No Pulse = Defib
Pulse = Cardioversion

A

V Fib - Floppy Squiggly Lines

Causes: Post MI, Electrolytes Imbalance, Proarrthymia Drugs, Untreated V Tach

Treatment:
1. Defib, no synch
2. Drugs: Lidocaine, Amiodarone, Procainamide

V Tach - Tombstone

Causes: Post MI, Low K / Mg, Hypoxia

Treatment:
Early Defib
No Pulse = Defib
Pulse = Cardioversion

40
Q

( A Fib / V Fib )

Causes: Post MI, Electrolytes Imbalance, Proarrthymia Drugs, Untreated V Tach

Treatment:
1. Defib, no synch
2. Drugs: Lidocaine, Amiodarone, Procainamide

(A Fib / V Fib)

Causes: Valvular Disease, HF, Pulmonary HTN, COPD, After Heart Surgery

Treatment:
1. Cardioversion (After TTE to rule out clots)

  1. Digoxin (Longterm)
  2. Warfarin
A

V Fib

Causes: Post MI, Electrolytes Imbalance, Proarrthymia Drugs, Untreated V Tach

Treatment:
1. Defib, no synch
2. Drugs: Lidocaine, Amiodarone, Procainamide

A Fib

Causes: Valvular Disease, HF, Pulmonary HTN, COPD, After Heart Surgery

Treatment:
1. Cardioversion (After TTE to rule out clots)

  1. Digoxin (Longterm)
  2. Warfarin
41
Q

Before Cardioversion as the primary treatment for A Fib / A Flutter

A

TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAM

To rule out clots

42
Q

Before giving Digoxin for A Fib assess for these (3)

A

ATP

Apical Pulse
Toxicity Max level 2,
Toxicity symptoms: Visual Disturbances, N/V, Anorexia
Potassium <3.5 (increase risk for Toxicity)

43
Q

( Supraventricular Tachycardia / Ventricular Tachycardia)

Causes: Post MI, Low K / Mg, Hypoxia

Treatment: Early Defib
No Pulse = Defib
Pulse = Cardioversion

( Supraventricular Tachycardia / Ventricular Tachycardia)

Causes: Stimulants, Strenuous Exercise, Hypoxia, Heart Disease

Treatment:
1. Vagal maneuver/ Ice around neck
2. Adenosine: Rapid Push, Flush w/ NS - HR may stop
3. Cardioversion- Push Sync

A

Ventricular Tachycardia

Causes: Post MI, Low K / Mg, Hypoxia

Treatment: Early Defib
No Pulse = Defib
Pulse = Cardioversion

Supraventricular Tachycardia

Causes: Stimulants, Strenuous Exercise, Hypoxia, Heart Disease

Treatment:
1. Vagal maneuver/ Ice around neck
2. Adenosine: Rapid Push, Flush w/ NS - HR may stop
3. Cardioversion- Push Sync

44
Q

Warfarin Monitor this level in blood

What is the antidote

Which foods need to be moderated when taken Warfarin

A

INR level

Vitamin K = Antidote

Moderate Green Leafy Vegetables

45
Q

Only do CPR first in these 2 rhythms.

A

Asystole & PEA (Pulseless electrical activity)

NCLEX Simple Nursing (3 decks)

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