EKG review ! Flashcards
the interval from the peak of one QRS complex to the next. It’s used as an indicator of regularity when evaluating the heart’s rhythm on an EKG
R-R interval
portion on the EKG wave from the end of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex, lasting about 0.1 secs.
PR interval
a cluster of special muscle fibers located in the right atrial wall of heart considered to be the primary pacemaker of the heart.
SA node
change of the electrical polarity of a membrane because of flow or iron in and out of the cell across the cell membranes.
depolarization.
the restoration of electrical polarity via an increase in iron differential between cell membranes of the myocardium
repolarization
the electrical sensors placed on the chest to record the bioelectrical activity of the heart.
electrode
specialized heart conducting tissue that receives impulses from the SA node and propagates them to the ventricles
AV node
(atrioventricular)
EKG representation of the heart’s electrical impulse as it passes through ventricles.
QRS complex
a single-led EKG recording used to evaluate the pt.’s rhythm.
rhythm strip
corresponds to rapid ventricular repolarization
T wave
the normal cycle of electrical stimulation of the heart that begins in the SA node, traveling to the left atrium and down to the AV node
sinus rhythm
pertaining to the heart
cardio
toward the midline of the body
medial
front of the body
anterior
the two lower chambers of the heart
ventricles
back of the body
posterior
outermost layer of the heart; thin layer of connective tissue and fat and containers the coronary arteries
epicardium
pertaining to blood vessels
vascular
divides the right and left chambers of the heart
septum
atria
upper chambers of the heart
difference in electrical charge on either side of a cell membrane for myocardial cells
action potential
movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
diffusion
when the atria and ventricles contract
systole
when the ventricles and atria relax
diastole
pulmonary circut
refers to the blood circulation between the heart and lungs
systemic circut
refers to the blood circulation between the heart and the body
regurgitation
blood leaks back into the chamber it came from
depolarization
change in electrical charge from negative to positive – contraction
repolarization
change in electrical charge from positive to negative – relaxing
bigeminy
every other beat
trigeminy
every third beat
unifocal
all PVC’s on an EKG are identical in appearance
multifocal
the PVC’s are different on the tracing
what is the normal measurement of the QRS complex?
<0.12 seconds
what happens if the R-R intervals are not evenly spaced out?
irregular rhythm
You are watching the monitor at the nurse’s desk and notice a client’s rhythm turns from normal sinus rhythm to this rhythm (mostly flat line). What should you do?
check leads and the client
you are working in the ICU and you are assessing your client when all of a sudden they become unresponsive, but they have an organized rhythm on the monitor. what is your priority?
check for pulse
an EKG is actually
a graph
which of the following is not a direct indicator of a person’s cardiac health?
temperature
the place where the electrical current starts and is considered the heart’s pacemaker:
sino-atrial node
in terms of electrical activity and EKGs no energy refers to….
baseline (isoelectric line)
the EKG has small pads for conductivity called?
electrodes
average heart rate is?
60 - 100 bpm
universal standard for ordering an EKG is at a speed of?
25 mm / second
