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Cardiopulm > EKG Quiz > Flashcards

EKG Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What is the order of Heart Rhythm Analysis?

A 
Calculate Rate
Determine Regularity
Assess the P Waves
Determine PR Interval
Determine QRS Duration
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2
Q

What is Bradycardia?

A

HR < 60 bpm

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3
Q

What is Normal Heart Rate?

A

HR = 60 - 100 bpm

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4
Q

What is Tachycardia?

A

HR > 100 bpm

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5
Q

What is the normal for PR Intervals?

A

0.12 - 0.2 seconds (3 - 5 boxes)

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6
Q

What is the normal for QRS durations?

A

0.04 - 0.12 (1 - 3 boxes)

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of Sinus Arrhythmia?

A 
P waves normal, upright, and identical
P waves before every QRS
PR Interval between 0.12 - 0.2 seconds
QRS complexes are identical
QRS duration between 0.04 - 0.1 seconds
R-R interval varies
HR: 40 - 100 bpm
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8
Q

What are the main concepts of Sinus block?

A 
P waves normal, upright, and identical
P waves before every QRS
PR Interval between 0.12 - 0.2 seconds
QRS complexes are identical
QRS duration between 0.04 - 0.1 seconds
R-R interval is regular, but occasionally QRS complex is missing
HR: 60 - 100 bpm
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9
Q

What are the main concepts of Sinus Arrest?

A

When sinus block lasts for more than 3 seconds

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10
Q

What is Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)?

A

Tachybrady

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11
Q

What is a Premature Atrial Contraction?

A

P wave comes early, and its shape is slightly different

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12
Q

What are the main concepts of Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia?

A

HR: 150 - 250 bpm

Changes the shape of the P wave

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13
Q

What are the main concepts of Atrial Flutter?

A

Sawtooth pattern
Atria firing 200 - 300 times a minute
Multiple P waves per QRS complex
QRS are regular

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14
Q

What are the names for the different PACs?

A 
Single PAC
Atrial Bigeminy: every other
Atrial Trigeminy: every third
Atrial Quadrigeminy: every fourth
Pair: 2 in a row
Triplet: 3 in a row
Run: More than 3 in a row
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15
Q

What are the characteristics of Atrial Fibrillation?

A

No clear P waves
Irregular
Wavy Baseline

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of Wandering Atrial Pacemakers?

A

P-P Interval varies
P waves change shape and direction
Atrial rate less tan 100 bpm

17
Q

What are the characteristics of Supraventricular Tachycardia?

A

Narrow/Normal QRS complex
No P waves
What can be used to call PAT, PJT, and A-Fib

18
Q

What are the characteristics of a Junctional Escape?

A

Late, narrow QRS
Inverted P wave (if there)
Rate: 40 - 60 (If greater = accelerated)
Two is a pair and three is a junctional rhythm

19
Q

What are the characteristics of a Premature Junctional Contraction?

A

Early, narrow RS
P wave is inverted (if there)
Two is a pair, three is a run of Paroxysmal Tachycardia
Usually inverted compared to PAC

20
Q

What are the characteristics of Accelerated Idiojunctional Rhythms?

A

Same as a junctional escape, but the rate is faster than 60 bpm

21
Q

What are the characteristics of Ventricular Escape Beats?

A 
Wide QRS
No P wave
Rate is 20 - 40 bpm
Considered Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm if the rate is between 41 - 100
Agonal: rate is < 20 bpm
22
Q

What are the characteristics of Premature Ventricular Contractions?

A

Wide, bizarre QRS complexes
Uniform: premature beats look alike
Multiform: look different

23
Q

What are the characteristics of Ventricular Tachycardia?

A

Odd, wide QRS complexes
No real P waves
Fairly regular

24
Q

What are the characteristics of Ventricular Fibrillation?

A

Constant Waves

25
Q

What are the characteristics of a Pacer Rhythm?

A

Pacer spike at the P wave

26
Q

What are the characteristics of Ventricular Standstill?

A

Only P waves

27
Q

What is asystole?

A

Flat line

28
Q

What are the characteristics of a Bundle-Branch Block?

A

Longer QRS complex
Wide S wave (leads I, V5, and V6)
Bunny ears

29
Q

What is a First Degree A-V Block?

A

P-R Interval > .20 seconds (more than 5 boxes)

P-R Intervals are all equal

30
Q

What is a Wenckebach (Mobitz I) Second Degree Block?

A

P-R interval gradually increases until QRS is completely dropped; pattern repeats

31
Q

What is a Mobitz II Second Degree Block?

A

P-P are equal
P-R’s are equal
Multiple dropped

32
Q

What is a Wenckebach (2:1) and Mobitz (2:1) called

A

2nd Degree AVB (2:1)

33
Q

What is a Third Degree Block?

A 
No P Waves
P - P intervals are equal
R - R intervals are equal
P-R intervals vary
Ventricular Rate: 20 - 40
34
Q

What is ST Segment Elevation?

A

1 mm above the baseline in 3 consecutive beats

35
Q

What is ST Segment Elevation?

A

Decrease 0.1 mV for 0.08 seconds past J point in 3 consecutive complexes (requires 12 lead EKG to diagnose MI)

Cardiopulm (2 decks)

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