EKG Quiz Flashcards
Normal Sinus Rhythm
HR 60-100
Regular
P wave present, QRS normal
Medication Normal Sinus Rhythm
None
Sinus Bradycardia
HR < 60
Regular Rhythm
P waves present, QRS normal
Medications for Sinus Bradycardia
Atropine (if symptomatic)
Sinus Tachycardia
HR > 100
Regular Rhythm
P waves present, QRS normal
Medication for Sinus Tachycardia
Beta Blocker (Lopressor), Calcium Channel Blocker (Cardizem) - if symptomatic
Sinus Arrhythmia
HR variable
Irregular Rhythm
P waves, QRS
Medication for Sinus Arrhythmia
None
Sinus Rhythm with Premature Atrial Complexes (PAC)
Early heartbeat P wave of PAC is Abnormal Hidden in prior T wave Distorts the prior T wave
Medication for Premature Atrial Complexes (PAC)
None
Premature Junctional Contraction (PJC) =
Absent or Inverted P-wave
P wave before/during or after QRS
Junctional Rhythm = ___-____ bpm
Accelerated Junction = ___-____ bpm
Junctional Tachycardia = _____ bpm
40-60
60-100
>100
Medication for Junctional Rhythms
None
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT)
HR > 150
P wave maybe hidden in preceding T wave
Medication for PSVT
Adenosine
Atrial Flutter
F waves in saw tooth pattern
Atrial firing at 250-350 beats/min
Medication for Atrial Flutter
Digoxin, Amiodarone – stable
Amiodarone, cardiovert – unstable < 48 hrs
Digoxin, TEE, Heparin/Coumadin, Cardiovert – unstable > 48 hours
Atrial Fibrillation
Irregularly Irregular
Fibrillatory “F waves”
(still have QRS complexes)
Medication for A-Fib
Digoxin, Amiodarone – stable
Amiodarone, Cardiovert – unstable < 48 hrs
Digoxin, TEE, Heparin/Coumadin, Cardiovert – unstable > 48 hours
Torsade de Pointes (QT prolongation)
Polymorphic V-Tach
Wide QRS’s that change in size every beat
Medication for Torsades de Pointes
Magnesium Sulfate
Sinus Rhythm with PVC’s (Unifocal, Multifocal, Bigeminy (alternating), Short Run of V-Tach)
Wide, Weird looking QRS
Compensatory pause
Medication for PVC’s
Amiodarone - if > 6 per minute
Ventricular Tachycardia
HR 150-250
Weird mountains
Very Wide QRS - > 0.12s >3 small boxes
Medication for V-Tach
Amiodarone, Cardiovert –pulse
CPR, Shock, Epinephrine, Shock, Amiodarone – no pulse
Ventricular Fibrillation (V-Fib)
Quivering ventricle
Chaotic, varying shapes & amplitudes
Medication for V-Fib
CPR, Shock, Epinephrine, Shock, Amiodarone – only has no pulse
Asystole
Flat line
Occasional P wave
Asystole Medication
CPR, Epinephrine
Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)
Organized rhythm without pulse
No P, super short QRS’s compared to junctional
Medication for PEA
CPR, Epinephrine
Idioventricular Rhythm
2-4 QRS’s per 6 s strip
HR 20-40
Medication for Idioventricular Rhythm
CPR, Epinephrine
Artifact
Looks like A-Fib but its REGULAR!
Medication for Artifact
None, just secure connection, replace electrodes, apply electrodes to areas less affected by movement
First Degree Heart Block
Fixed, Constant, Prolonged PR Interval >.20
Looks like Sinus Rhythm
Medication for First Degree Heart Block
Atropine – if symptomatic (showing signs of bradycardia)
Second Degree AV Block – Type I, Mobitz I (Wenkebach)
Progressive prolongation of PR interval followed by “dropped” beat
Medication for Second Degree AV Block – Type I, Mobitz I (Wenkebach)
Atropine – if symptomatic (showing signs of bradycardia)
Second Degree AV Block- Type II, Mobitz II
CONSTANT PR interval (prolonged or normal), followed by “dropped” beat
Medication for Second Degree AV Block- Type II, Mobitz II
Atropine – if symptomatic (showing signs of bradycardia)
Third Degree AV Block
P and QRS waves march independently
HR max 40
Has “dropped beats” (but every QRS does not have a P before)
Medication for Third Degree AV Block
Atropine – if symptomatic (showing signs of bradycardia)
