EKG Practice Flashcards
What type of rhythm is this?
Supraventricular tachycardia
What is the normal rate of the SA node?
60-100 bpm
What type of rhythm is this?
Sinus bradycardia
What are some characteristics of supraventricular dysrhythmias?
- No clearly identifiable P wave, may be hidden in T or R waves
- Normal QRS
- Tachycardia
What type of rhythm is this?
Premature ventricular contraction
What type of rhythm is this?
Ventricular fibrillation
What does the T-wave represent?
Represents the return to the resting state (repolarization) of the ventricles. It normally starts at the isoelectric line, rises gradually & then returns to the isoelectric line
What type of rhythm is this?
Torsades de pointes
What type of rhythm is this?
Second Degree Heart Block, Type 1 (Wenckebach)
What type of rhythm is this?
Pulseless electrical activity
What is the normal rate of the ventricles?
20-40 bpm
What type of rhythm is this?
Atrial flutter
What type of rhythm is this?
Second Degree Heart Block, Type 1 (Wenckebach)
What type of rhythm is this?
3rd degree heart block
What type of rhythm is this?
Atrial Fibrillation
What type of rhythm is this?
Ventricular tachycardia
What causes a prolonged QTc?
- CAD, Cardiomyopathy
- Severe Bradycardia, High-Grade AV Block
- Anti-Arrhythmics (Type III- K+ blockers, Amiodarone)
- Psychotropic Meds - SSRIs, Lithium, Mellaril, Haldol
- HypoCalcemia, HypoKal-emia (Diuretics, Emesis, Diarrhea)
- Prolonged QT Syndrome (inherited)
What type of rhythm is this?
Sinus bradycardia
What causes pathologic Q-waves?
- Myocardial Infarction
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
- Incorrect 12 lead placement
What type of rhythm is this?
1st degree heartblock
What are some charactersitics of atrial dysrhythmias?
- Abnormal P waves
- More P waves than QRS’s
- Atrial rates are faster than Ventricular rates
- Normal QRS
What are some characteristics of a normal Q-wave?
- Narrow
- Duration
- 25% the amplitude of the R-wave
- Normally appear in Leads I, aVL, V5, V6
What are some characteristics of pathologic Q-waves?
- Prolonged duration > 0.20 sec (1 mm)
- > 2 mm deep (2 large blocks)
- > Depth 25% - 33% of QRS amplitude
What type of rhythm is this?
Ventricular tachycardia
What type of rhythm is this?
Torsades de pointes
What type of rhythm is this?
1st degree heartblock
What does the QT-interval reprsent?
Represents time between onset of ventricular depolarization & the end of ventricular repolarization, Normal QT Interval= Usually < 0.40 seconds depending on HR
What does the p-wave represent in the qrs complex?
atrial depolarization
What type of rhythm is this?
Atrial flutter
What does the ST segment represent?
represents the time between ventricular depolarization & repolarization of the ventricles; normally isoelectric
In what order does an electrical impulse travel down the cardiac conduction system?
- SA node
- AV node
- Bundle of His
- Intervenricular septum
- Purkinje fibers
What does the QRS complex represent?
It represents spread of the electrical impulse through both ventricles.
What type of rhythm is this?
Second Degree Heart Block, Type 2 (Mobitz, type 2)
What type of rhythm is this?
Sinus tachycardia
What type of rhythm is this?
Sinus tachycardia
What can a QTc > 0.50 seconds lead to?
Can lead to fatal ventricular dysrhythmias- V-Tachy, VFib, and Torsades De Pointes
What type of rhythm is this?
Premature ventricular contraction
What type of rhythm is this?
3rd degree heart block
What type of rhythm is this?
Pulseless electrical activity
What is the normal rate of the AV node?
40-60 bpm
What does the q-wave represent in the QRS complex?
It is the 1st negative deflection in the qQRS complex
What type of rhythm is this?
Ventricular fibrillation
What type of rhythm is this?
Supraventricular tachycardia
What type of rhythm is this?
Atrial Fibrillation
IWhat does the PR interval represent?
Represents time of cardiac depolarization from SA node to AV node
What does a U-wave represent?
Represents repolarization of the His-Purkinje fibers P (seen in hypokalemia)
