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EKG Interpretation > EKG Interpretation Practice > Flashcards

EKG Interpretation Practice Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two top chambers of the heart is called?

A

The right and left atrium

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2
Q

What are the bottom chambers of the heart called?

A

The left and right ventricle

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3
Q

What is the electrical conduction system of the heart, in order?

A

SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Right & Left Bundle Branch, Purkinje Fibers

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4
Q

What are the rules for 5 lead placement?

A
  1. White on the right 2. Sky over grass 3. Smoke over fire 4. Poop on the chest!
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5
Q

What are the different elements of a normal heart beat on the EKG?

A

P wave, QRS complex, T wave

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6
Q

What does the P wave represent?

A

Atrial depolarization (contraction)

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7
Q

What does the QRS complex represent?

A

Ventricular depolarization (contraction)

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8
Q

What does the T wave represent?

A

Repolarization (relaxing muscle)

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9
Q

What are the intervals you should consider when interpreting a rhythm?

A

P-R, QRS, Q-T, P-P, Q-Q

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10
Q

In normal sinus rhythm, what waves are present and what are their defined limits?

A

P-R interval (0.12-0.20 seconds), QRS complex (< 0.12), Q-T interval (<.42)

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11
Q

In sinus rhythm, is the Q-Q interval regular or irregular?

A

Regular

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12
Q

Measuring strips: How many seconds does each BIG box represent?

A

0.2 seconds

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13
Q

Measuring strips: How many seconds does each LITTLE box represent?

A

0.04 seconds

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14
Q

What is the rule of 300’s?

A

In a rhythm where the Q-Q is regular, measure how many big boxes are in-between the Q waves. Divide this INTO (not by) 300. ex: 300/4

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15
Q

A patient is in atrial flutter, what is the heart rate if there are 2 big boxes between Q waves?

A

300/2=150

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16
Q

A patient is in a junctional rhythm, what is the heart rate if there are 3 big boxes between Q waves?

A

300/3=100 Junctional Tachycardia

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17
Q

What is the heart rate and rhythm? (You can use a calculator, round to the nearest whole number)

A

300/7 big boxes = 43 Sinus Bradicardia

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18
Q

Using the counting method, what is the heart rate and rhythm?

A

There are 7 beats in 6 seconds, 60 seconds in a minute. 7x10=70 BPM sinus rhythm

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19
Q

What are the defined limits of the heart rate in sinus rhythm?

A

60-100 BPM

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20
Q

What are the defined limits of the heart rate in sinus bradycardia?

A

< 60 BPM

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21
Q

What are the defined limits of the heart rate in sinus tachycardia?

A

> 100 BPM

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22
Q

In supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), can you see the P waves?

A

No

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23
Q

In atrial tachycardia (AT), can you see the P waves?

A

Yes

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24
Q

What does paroxysmal mean?

A

Sudden onset

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25
Identify this rhythm
PSVT
26
In sinus arrhythmia, what does the heart rate increase and decrease with?
Increases with respiratory inhalation and decreases with respiratory expiration
27
S-T changes indicate a possible \_\_\_?
Myocardial Infarct (heart attack)
28
Define a 1st degree heart block
P-R greater than 0.20, QRS less than 0.12, regular Q-Q
29
Define a 2nd degree type 1 heart block
Elongating P-R interval followed by missing QRS. QRS \< 0.12
30
Define 2nd degree type 2 heart block
Regular P-R interval, randomly missing QRS. QRS \< 0.12
31
Define 3rd degree (complete) heart block
Irregular P-R intervals, regular P-P intervals, QRS \<0.12, Q-Q rate different than P-P rate
32
Define atrial fibrillation
Many small, fuzzy P waves, irregular Q-Q interval, QRS \< 0.12
33
What is A. Fib. with RVR?
A. Fib. with a HR \> 100
34
Define atrial flutter
Sawtooth P waves, regular Q-Q interval, QRS \< 0.12
35
What part of the heart does the electrical signal originate from in A.Fib. and A. flutter?
Atrium (SA node)
36
Identify this rhythm
Atrial fibrillation
37
Identify this rhythm
Atrial flutter
38
Identify this rhythm
Atrial ventricular pacing
39
Identify this rhythm
Ventricular pacing
40
Identify this rhythm
Atrial pacing
41
Define junctional rhythm
Absent or inverted P wave, regular Q-Q, QRS \< 0.12
42
What part of the heart does the electrical signal originate from in a junctional rhythm?
The AV node (junction)
43
What are the defined limits of the heart rate in junctional rhythm?
40 - 60 BPM
44
What are the defined limits of the heart rate in accelerated junctional rhythm?
60 - 100 BPM
45
What are the defined limits of the heart rate in junctional tachycardia?
\> 100 BPM
46
Define a bundle branch block
P wave before each QRS, QRS greater than 0.12 (3 small boxes)
47
What does WiLLaM MaRRoW mean?
W in V1 and M in V6= LBBB, M in V1 and W in V6= RBBB
48
Identify this rhythm
Left BBB
49
Identify this rhythm
Right BBB
50
Define idioventricular rhythm
Absent P wave, QRS \> 0.12
51
What are the defined limits of the heart rate in idioventricular rhythm?
20 - 40 BPM
52
What are the defined limits of the heart rate in accelerated idioventricular rhythm?
40 - 100 BPM
53
Identify this rhythm
Accelerated idioventricular rhythm
54
Identify this rhythm
Idioventricular rhythm
55
Define ventricular fibrillation
Absent P waves, irregular Q-Q, QRS \> 0.12, \> 110 BPM
56
Identify this rhythm
Course V.Fib.
57
Identify this rhythm
Fine V. Fib
58
Define Torsades de Pointes
Absent P waves, irregular Q-Q, QRS \> 0.12, \> 110 BPM, TWISTING PATTERN
59
Identify this rhythm
Torsades de Pointes
60
Define ventricular tachycardia
Absent P waves, regular Q-Q, QRS \> 0.12, \>110 BPM
61
Identify this rhythm
V. Tach.
62
Identify this rhythm
V.Tach.
63
Define pulseless electrical activity (PEA)
Electrical activity is viewed on EKG, but there is no pulse, no contraction of the heart, no vital signs, may present as any rhythm
64
Identify this rhythm
Asystole
65
Define an ectopic beat
A premature disturbance in the patient’s normal rhythm
66
Define premature atrial contraction (PAC)
Occurs before the next expected beat, P wave present, QRS \< 0.12
67
Define premature junctional contraction (PJC)
Occurs before the next expected beat, absent P wave, QRS \< 0.12
68
Define premature ventricular contraction (PVC)
Occurs before the next expected beat, absent P wave, QRS \> 0.12
69
Define unifocal
Occurring from 1 focal point, appears as the same morphology every time
70
Define multifocal
Occurring from 2 or more focal points, appears as differing morphologies
71
Identify the ectopic beat
PAC
72
Identify the ectopic beat
Unifocal PVC
73
Identify the ectopic beat
PJC
74
Identify the ectopic beat
Multifocal PVC
75
Define couplets
Twice in a row
76
Define triplets
Thrice in a row
77
Identify the ectopic beats
Triplet PVCs
78
Identify the ectopic beats
Couplet PACs
79
Define bigeminy
Occurring every other beat
80
Define trigeminy
Occurring every 3rd beat
81
Define quadgeminy
Occurring every 4th beat
82
Define pentgeminy
Occurring every 5th beat
83
Identify the rhythm
Bigeminy PACs
84
Identify the rhythm
Trigeminy PVCs
85
Identify the rhythm
Quadgeminy PVCs

EKG Interpretation (1 decks)

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