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EKG Interpretation > EKG Interpretation Practice > Flashcards

EKG Interpretation Practice Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two top chambers of the heart is called?

A

The right and left atrium

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2
Q

What are the bottom chambers of the heart called?

A

The left and right ventricle

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3
Q

What is the electrical conduction system of the heart, in order?

A

SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Right & Left Bundle Branch, Purkinje Fibers

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4
Q

What are the rules for 5 lead placement?

A
  1. White on the right 2. Sky over grass 3. Smoke over fire 4. Poop on the chest!
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5
Q

What are the different elements of a normal heart beat on the EKG?

A

P wave, QRS complex, T wave

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6
Q

What does the P wave represent?

A

Atrial depolarization (contraction)

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7
Q

What does the QRS complex represent?

A

Ventricular depolarization (contraction)

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8
Q

What does the T wave represent?

A

Repolarization (relaxing muscle)

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9
Q

What are the intervals you should consider when interpreting a rhythm?

A

P-R, QRS, Q-T, P-P, Q-Q

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10
Q

In normal sinus rhythm, what waves are present and what are their defined limits?

A

P-R interval (0.12-0.20 seconds), QRS complex (< 0.12), Q-T interval (<.42)

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11
Q

In sinus rhythm, is the Q-Q interval regular or irregular?

A

Regular

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12
Q

Measuring strips: How many seconds does each BIG box represent?

A

0.2 seconds

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13
Q

Measuring strips: How many seconds does each LITTLE box represent?

A

0.04 seconds

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14
Q

What is the rule of 300’s?

A

In a rhythm where the Q-Q is regular, measure how many big boxes are in-between the Q waves. Divide this INTO (not by) 300. ex: 300/4

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15
Q

A patient is in atrial flutter, what is the heart rate if there are 2 big boxes between Q waves?

A

300/2=150

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16
Q

A patient is in a junctional rhythm, what is the heart rate if there are 3 big boxes between Q waves?

A

300/3=100 Junctional Tachycardia

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17
Q

What is the heart rate and rhythm? (You can use a calculator, round to the nearest whole number)

A

300/7 big boxes = 43 Sinus Bradicardia

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18
Q

Using the counting method, what is the heart rate and rhythm?

A

There are 7 beats in 6 seconds, 60 seconds in a minute. 7x10=70 BPM sinus rhythm

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19
Q

What are the defined limits of the heart rate in sinus rhythm?

A

60-100 BPM

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20
Q

What are the defined limits of the heart rate in sinus bradycardia?

A

< 60 BPM

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21
Q

What are the defined limits of the heart rate in sinus tachycardia?

A

> 100 BPM

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22
Q

In supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), can you see the P waves?

A

No

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23
Q

In atrial tachycardia (AT), can you see the P waves?

A

Yes

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24
Q

What does paroxysmal mean?

A

Sudden onset

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25
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

PSVT

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26
Q

In sinus arrhythmia, what does the heart rate increase and decrease with?

A

Increases with respiratory inhalation and decreases with respiratory expiration

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27
Q

S-T changes indicate a possible ___?

A

Myocardial Infarct (heart attack)

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28
Q

Define a 1st degree heart block

A

P-R greater than 0.20, QRS less than 0.12, regular Q-Q

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29
Q

Define a 2nd degree type 1 heart block

A

Elongating P-R interval followed by missing QRS. QRS < 0.12

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30
Q

Define 2nd degree type 2 heart block

A

Regular P-R interval, randomly missing QRS. QRS < 0.12

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31
Q

Define 3rd degree (complete) heart block

A

Irregular P-R intervals, regular P-P intervals, QRS <0.12, Q-Q rate different than P-P rate

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32
Q

Define atrial fibrillation

A

Many small, fuzzy P waves, irregular Q-Q interval, QRS < 0.12

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33
Q

What is A. Fib. with RVR?

A

A. Fib. with a HR > 100

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34
Q

Define atrial flutter

A

Sawtooth P waves, regular Q-Q interval, QRS < 0.12

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35
Q

What part of the heart does the electrical signal originate from in A.Fib. and A. flutter?

A

Atrium (SA node)

36
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Atrial fibrillation

37
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Atrial flutter

38
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Atrial ventricular pacing

39
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Ventricular pacing

40
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Atrial pacing

41
Q

Define junctional rhythm

A

Absent or inverted P wave, regular Q-Q, QRS < 0.12

42
Q

What part of the heart does the electrical signal originate from in a junctional rhythm?

A

The AV node (junction)

43
Q

What are the defined limits of the heart rate in junctional rhythm?

A

40 - 60 BPM

44
Q

What are the defined limits of the heart rate in accelerated junctional rhythm?

A

60 - 100 BPM

45
Q

What are the defined limits of the heart rate in junctional tachycardia?

A

> 100 BPM

46
Q

Define a bundle branch block

A

P wave before each QRS, QRS greater than 0.12 (3 small boxes)

47
Q

What does WiLLaM MaRRoW mean?

A

W in V1 and M in V6= LBBB, M in V1 and W in V6= RBBB

48
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Left BBB

49
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Right BBB

50
Q

Define idioventricular rhythm

A

Absent P wave, QRS > 0.12

51
Q

What are the defined limits of the heart rate in idioventricular rhythm?

A

20 - 40 BPM

52
Q

What are the defined limits of the heart rate in accelerated idioventricular rhythm?

A

40 - 100 BPM

53
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm

54
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Idioventricular rhythm

55
Q

Define ventricular fibrillation

A

Absent P waves, irregular Q-Q, QRS > 0.12, > 110 BPM

56
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Course V.Fib.

57
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Fine V. Fib

58
Q

Define Torsades de Pointes

A

Absent P waves, irregular Q-Q, QRS > 0.12, > 110 BPM, TWISTING PATTERN

59
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Torsades de Pointes

60
Q

Define ventricular tachycardia

A

Absent P waves, regular Q-Q, QRS > 0.12, >110 BPM

61
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

V. Tach.

62
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

V.Tach.

63
Q

Define pulseless electrical activity (PEA)

A

Electrical activity is viewed on EKG, but there is no pulse, no contraction of the heart, no vital signs, may present as any rhythm

64
Q

Identify this rhythm

A

Asystole

65
Q

Define an ectopic beat

A

A premature disturbance in the patient’s normal rhythm

66
Q

Define premature atrial contraction (PAC)

A

Occurs before the next expected beat, P wave present, QRS < 0.12

67
Q

Define premature junctional contraction (PJC)

A

Occurs before the next expected beat, absent P wave, QRS < 0.12

68
Q

Define premature ventricular contraction (PVC)

A

Occurs before the next expected beat, absent P wave, QRS > 0.12

69
Q

Define unifocal

A

Occurring from 1 focal point, appears as the same morphology every time

70
Q

Define multifocal

A

Occurring from 2 or more focal points, appears as differing morphologies

71
Q

Identify the ectopic beat

A

PAC

72
Q

Identify the ectopic beat

A

Unifocal PVC

73
Q

Identify the ectopic beat

A

PJC

74
Q

Identify the ectopic beat

A

Multifocal PVC

75
Q

Define couplets

A

Twice in a row

76
Q

Define triplets

A

Thrice in a row

77
Q

Identify the ectopic beats

A

Triplet PVCs

78
Q

Identify the ectopic beats

A

Couplet PACs

79
Q

Define bigeminy

A

Occurring every other beat

80
Q

Define trigeminy

A

Occurring every 3rd beat

81
Q

Define quadgeminy

A

Occurring every 4th beat

82
Q

Define pentgeminy

A

Occurring every 5th beat

83
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

Bigeminy PACs

84
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

Trigeminy PVCs

85
Q

Identify the rhythm

A

Quadgeminy PVCs

EKG Interpretation (1 decks)

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