EKG & Cardiac Quiz Questions Flashcards
The patient you are caring for has been in normal sinus rhythm (NSR) without ectopy since admission. If your patient develops NSR with occasional multiform PVCs as a new rhythm, what is your nursing intervention?
a.) Call the physician stat as the patient is demonstrating ventricular irritability which can proceed to ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib).
b.) Draw a stat serum potassium level
c.) Increase the patient’s FIO2 by increasing the oxygen percentage.
d.) Assess the patient & review the chart for causes of ventricular ectopy.
d.) Assess the patient & review the chart for causes of ventricular ectopy.
Normal PR Interval is:
a.) 0.04 - 0.10 seconds
b.) 1/2 of the R to R interval
c.) 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
d.) None of the above
KNOW THIS!!!
c.) 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
An ectopic beat arises from some location in the heart other than the sinus node. Ectopy includes:
a.) Premature atrial contractions (PACs)
b.) Premature junctional contractions (PJCs)
c.) Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)
d.) All of the above
d.) All of the above
When ventricular tachycardia is observed, what is the first nursing priority?
a.) Check pulse & symptoms
b.) Administer lidocaine
c.) Call the rapid response team
d.) Call a cardiac arrest
KNOW THIS!!!
a.) Check the pulse & symptoms
Multiple risk factors exist for LQTS (Long QT Syndrome). Please select all that apply
a.) Female sex
b.) Hypokalemia
c.) Hypomagnesemia
d.) Left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure
e.) Medications that can prolong the QT interval such as Amiodarone, Quinidine, Sotalol, Thioridazine
a.) Female sex
b.) Hypokalemia
c.) Hypomagnesemia
d.) Left ventricular dysfunction & heart failure
e.) Medications that can prolong the QT interval such as Amiodarone, Quinidine, Sotalol, & Thioridazine
You are in the room with the patient when you notice they go into ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib). What would immediate action as the patient’s nurse be?
a.) Call the Rapid Response Team
b.) Confirm pulseless rhythm & apply AED if immediately available.
c.) Go to the nurses station to retrieve the defibrillator.
d.) Administer Epinephrine 1 mg IV push.
b.) Confirm pulseless rhythm & apply AED if immediately available.
Match the following EKG Findings in acute coronary syndrome:
- T-wave inversion
- Abnormal QT waves
- Absence of ischemia, injury, or infarction at this time
- ST segment elevation of 2mm
a.) Normal
b.) Ischemia
c.) Injury
d.) Infarction
KNOW THIS!!!
a.) Normal = absence of ischemia, injury, or infarction at this time
b.) Ischemia = T-wave inversion
c.) Injury = ST segment elevation of 2mm
d.) Infarction = Abnormal Q waves
Please match the symptoms with the description of coronary artery disease (CAD).
- Chest pain associated with coronary artery spasm
- Stable chest pain pattern relieved by rest or NTG
- Any chest pain exceeding 15 minutes and unrelieved by rest or NGT should be presumed as an infarction until proven otherwise
- Increase in frequency or duration of chest pain
a.) Stable angina
b.) Unstable angina
c.) Variant angina
d.) Acute myocardial infarction
KNOW THIS!!!
a.) Stable angina = Stable chest pain pattern relieved by rest or NGT
b.) Unstable angina = Increase in frequency or duration of chest pain
c.) Variant angina = Chest pain associated with coronary artery spasm
d.) Acute myocardial infarction (acute MI) = Any chest pain exceeding 15 minutes and unrelieved by rest or NGT should be presumed as an infarction until proven otherwise
All of the statements about the left coronary artery listed below are correct EXCEPT:
a.) Major blood supply to the anterior, lateral, & posterior wall of the left ventricle.
b.) Provides major blood supply to AV node.
c.) Divides into left anterior descending & left circumflex.
d.) Significant occlusion of this coronary artery is referred to as the “widow maker” due to the major impact on left ventricular wall function.
b.) Provides major blood supply to AV node
the left coronary artery does NOT provide major blodo supply to the AV node
All of the following statements about the right coronary artery below are true EXCEPT:
a.) Provides blood supply to both SA & AV node; infarction may result in arrhythmias.
b.) Provides blood supply to right ventricle.
c.) Significant occlusion results in an inferior wall myocardial infarction (MI).
d.) Significant occlusion impacts the anterior wall of the heart & may cause cardiogenic shock.
d.) Significant occlusion impacts the anterior wall of the heart & may cause cardiogenic shock –> FALSE
What does your responsibility for a patient with a new sinus tachycardia of 150 include?
a.) Nursing assessment to identify the underlying cause & intervene if appropriate.
b.) Anticipate administration of Adenocard (Adenosine) 6 mg IV push with a physician’s order.
c.) Anticipate administration of Atropine 0.5 mg IV push with a physician’s order.
d.) Don’t overreact to one pulse measurement, retake apical pulse in one hour.
a.) Nurisng assessment to identify the underlying cause & intervene if appropriate.
STEMI (ST-elevated myocardial infarction) is suspected in what location of the heart?
a.) Anterior wall MI
b.) Inferior wall MI
c.) Pericarditis
d.) Lateral wall MI
KNOW THIS!!!
b.) Inferior wall MI
seen in leads II, III, & AVF
Select all risk factors below that are modifiable:
a.) Obesity
b.) Cigarette smoking
c.) Heredity
d.) Hypertension
e.) Race
f.) Physical inactivity
g.) Age
h.) Sex
i.) High cholesterol
a.) Obesity
b.) Cigarette smoking
d.) Hypertension
f.) Physical inactivity
i.) High cholesterol
MODIFIABLE: smoking, high cholesterol, hypertension, physical inactivity, diabetes, obesity
Non-Modifiable: age, heredity, race, sex
Match the pacemaker below with the appropriate response:
- Specialized pacing wire placed under fluoroscopy
- Rapid non-invasive procedure that nurses may perform in an emergency
- Physiological pacing - both chambers paced & sensed
- Routine after cardiac surgeries
a.) Transcuatneous
b.) Epicardial
c.) Transvenous
d.) DDD
KNOW THIS!!!
a.) Transcutaneous = Rapid non-invasive procedure that nurses may perform in an emergency
b.) Epicardial = Routine after cardiac surgeries
c.) Transvenous = Specialized pacing wire placed under fluoroscopy
d.) DDD = physiologic pacing - boht chambers paced & sensed
What is cardiac output equal to?
a.) Systemic vascular resistance X heart rate
b.) Heart rate X stroke volume
c.) Ejection fraction X peripheral vascular resistance
d.) None of these
b.) Heart Rate X Stroke Volume
