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EKG Flashcards

1
Q

When analyzing a rhythm strip, it qualifies as being regular when….

A

The R - R intervals measure the same.

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2
Q

Which of the following steps is not one of the five-steps of rhythm analysis?

A. PR interval measurement
B. Rhythm regularity
C. ST segment analysis
D. QRS complex measurement

A

C. ST segment analysis

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3
Q

What is the normal Range of the PR interval?

A

0.12 - 0.20 seconds

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4
Q

What is the normal Range of the QRS complex?

A

0.06 - 0.10 seconds

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5
Q

Which feature is most closely associated with Normal Sinus Rhythm?

A. Wide & Bizarre QRS complexes.
B. PR interval measuring greater than 0.20 seconds.
C. Each of the five steps of rhythm analysis are within normal limits.
D. Three or different shaped P waves.

A

C. Each of the five steps of rhythm analysis are within normal limits.

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6
Q

When compared with Normal Sinus Rhythm, which feature is most closely associated with Sinus Bradycardia.

A. Lower case “f” waves
B. Heart rate greater than 100 bpm
C. Inverted P waves
D. Heart rate less than 60 bpm

A

D. Heart rate less than 60 bpm

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7
Q

When compared with Normal Sinus Rhythm, which feature is most closely associated with Sinus Tachycardia.

A. Lower case “f” waves
B. Heart rate greater than 100 bpm br
C. Inverted P waves
D. Heart rate less than 60 bpm

A

B. Heart rate greater than 100 bpm br

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8
Q

Which feature is most closely associated with junctional complexes and rhythms?

A. Wide and bizarre QRS complexes
B. PR interval measuring greater than 0.20 seconds
C. Prolonged QT interval
D. Inverted or buried P waves

A

D. Inverted or buried P waves

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9
Q

Which heart rate is the most closely associated with junctional escape rhythm?

A. 40 - 60 bpm
B. 60 - 100 bpm
C. 100 - 180 bpm
D. All responses are incorrect

A

A. 40 - 60 bpm

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10
Q

Which feature is most closely associated with junctional escape beats?

A. Lower case “f” waves, wide QRS complex
B. Complex with inverted P wave that may occur as the first complex terminating sinus arrest
C. Inverted P wave on a complex that occurs sooner than it is anticipated
D. Heart rate greater than 100 bpm

A

B. Complex with inverted P wave that may occur as the first complex terminating sinus arrest

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11
Q

In addition to the premature junctional complexes being an early cardiac complex in a rhythm strip; which morphologic feature most closely identifies this complex as being junctional rather than another locus of stimulation?

A. At least a potion of the P wave is positively deflected
B. P waves are inverted or buried
C. QRS complex measures greater than 0.10 seconds
D. PR interval presents in a prolonging repetitious pattern

A

B. P waves are inverted or buried

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12
Q

Which heart rate range is most closely associated with supraventricular tachycardia?

A. 40 - 60
B. 60 - 100
C. 100 - 180
D. 150 - 250

A

D. 150 - 250

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13
Q

Which feature is most closely associated with ventricular rhythms?

A. Narrow QRS complex
B. PR interval measuring greater than 0.20 seconds
C. Absence of P waves and wide & bizarre QRS complexes

A

C. Absence of P waves and wide & bizarre QRS complexes

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14
Q

Bigeminy PVC’s occur how often in a cardiac tracing?

A. Not at all
B. Every fourth complex
C. Every third complex
D. Every second complex

A

D. Every second complex

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15
Q

What is the difference between Accelerated idioventricular rhythm and ventricular tachycardia?

A. Absence of P waves
B. Heart rate greater than 100 bpm
C. Inverted P waves
D. Wide and bizarre QRS complex

A

B. Heart rate greater than 100 bpm

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16
Q

What is another name for Run of Ventricular Tachycardia?

A. Triplet or Salvo PVC’s
B. Trigeminy PVC’s
C. Bigeminy PVC’s
D. Quadgeminy PVC’s

A

A. Triplet or Salvo PVC’s

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17
Q

Which rhythm presents with regularly occurring P waves and a total absence of QRS complexes?

A. Ventricular Fibrillation
B. Ventricular Tachycardia
C. Ventricular Standstill
D. Asystole

A

C. Ventricular Standstill

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18
Q

What is Ventricular Standstill?

A

Rhythm with only P waves

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19
Q

What are premature junctional complexes? (PJC’s)

A

Premature QRS complexes with no P waves or buried P waves

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20
Q

Define Wandering Atrial Pacemaker Rhythm (Also known as Aarhythmia)

A

All P’s look different

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21
Q

Arrhythmia

A

Is a problem with the rhythm or rate of your heartbeat.

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22
Q

Which feature is most closely associated with Wandering Atrial Pacemaker rhythm?

A. Wide & bizarre QRS complexes
B. PR interval measuring greater than 0.20
C. Prolonged QT interval
D. Three or more different shaped P waves

A

D. Three or more different shaped P waves

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23
Q

Which feature is most closely associated with Atrial Fibrillation?

A. Lower case “f” waves
B. Upper case “F” waves
C. Inverted P waves
D. Heart rate less than 60 bpm

A

A. Lower case “f” waves

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24
Q

Which feature is most closely associated with Atrial Flutter?

A. Lower case “f” waves
B. Upper case “F” waves
C. Inverted P waves
D. Heart rate less than 60 bpm

A

B. Upper case “F” waves

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25
Define Idioventricular Rhythm
Rate of less than 50 bpm, absence of P waves, widening of QRS complexes
26
Accelerated idioventricular rhythm
Heart rate between 50 - 110 bpm
27
Ventricular Tachycardia
Rate exceeds 120 bpm
28
In addition to Premature Atrial Complexes being an early cardiac complex in a rhythm strip; which morphologic feature most closely identifies this complex as being atrial rather than another locus of stimulation? A. At least a portion of the P wave is positively deflected B. P waves are inverted or buried C. QRS complex measures greater than 0.10 seconds D. PR interval presents in a prolonging repetitious pattern
A. At least a portion of the P wave is positively deflected
29
Junctionals?
Inverted or buried P’s
30
Which rhythm is Multifocal Atrial tachycardia most often confused with? A. Supraventricular Tachycardia B. Atrial Flutter C. Atrial Fibrillation D. Wolfe parkinson white syndrome
C. Atrial fibrillation
31
Small square
0.04 seconds
32
Big square
0.20 seconds (5x5)
33
PAC attacks….
P waves
34
PVC’s attack…..
QRS complexes
35
What are the upper chambers of the heart known as?
Atria
36
What are the lower chambers of the heart known as?
Ventricles
37
What is an inverted rhythm?
Upside down rhythm
38
Sinus Rhythm with PAC…..
Has a beat that appears early and leaves a pause
39
A PVC….
Goes with a regular rhythm could be up or down drops the P wave
40
Unifocal….
Is all the same. All can go up or down
41
Multi……
It’s different. Have up and down
42
Pulmonary Circulation
Un oxygenated, right side of the heart
43
Systemic Circulation
Oxygenated, left side of the heart
44
Atrial Rate
Count the number of P waves
45
Ventricular Rate
Count the number of QRS complexes
46
Normal Sinus Rhythm
60 bpm - 100 bpm
47
Sinus Bradycardia
Less than 60 bpm
48
Sinus tachycardia
100 bpm - 160 bpm
49
Sinus Arrhythmia
60 bpm - 100 bpm
50
Sinus pause / Arrest
Defined as the transient absence of P waves that last from 2 seconds to several minutes
51
Atrial Flutter
Coordinated rapid beating of atria / SAW TOOTH. 150 bpm - 250 bpm
52
Atrial Fibrillation
Uncontrolled / Irregular, no distinguishable P waves
53
Supraventricular Tachycardia
Rate is greater than 150 bpm
54
Premature Atrial Contractions (PAC’s)
PAC is not a rhythm, it is an ectopic beat that originates from atria. Normal beat but occurs early.
55
Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVC’s)
QRS complexes are always wide and bizarre. P waves are absent
56
Ventricular Fibrillation (VFib)
Total chaotic, can’t measure waves or complexes. No QRS, No P waves
57
Indioventricular Rhythm
Rate is 20 - 40 but can drop below 20 bpm. No P waves and wide, bizarre QRS
58
Ventricular Bigemity
PVC occurs every other beat
59
Ventricular trigemity
PVC occurs every 3rd beat
60
Ventricular Quadrigemity
PVC occurs every 4th beat
61
Couplets
2 PVC’s together
62
Runs of Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)
3 or more PVC’s in a row
63
Accelerated idioventricular
Rate between 40 - 100 bpm
64
Agonal Rhythm
Rate is less than 20 bpm

EKG Cards (1 decks)

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