Eisenhower Flashcards
Post War
After world war two, people were worried about the economy. American industries had been untouched by the war and were converted to make daily objects.
Joesph McCarthy and communism
By 1950, 50000 out of 150000000 were said to be communists. McCarthy claimed to have a list of 200 people in the government who were communist.
Levittown
The growth of suburbs. The GI Bill of 1944 provided money toward these new suburbs.
Interstate Highway System
In 1956 it was created to construct 41000 miles of roads across the country. In 1958 the Interstate Highway Act aimed at connecting all the major cities in the U.S.
Response to Civil Rights- Brown vs. Board
Thurgood Marshall fought against Jim Crow laws and for black and white school equality. In Brown vs. Board, the Supreme Court ruled that school segregation was unconstitutional. However, Eisenhower did little to inforce this change.
Central High School and the Little Rock 9
9 African Americans enrolled into an all white school. Eisenhower did send federal troops to protect them. He signed a civil rights legislation in 1957 that provided protection for black voters.
Emmett Till
He was a 14 year old boy who was murdered because it was rumored that he flirted with a white woman. The men who killed him were not found guilty. Eisenhower did not respond to this.
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Black people protested segregation on buses by refusing to take the bus for 13 months.
New Look
National Security policy created in 1953. 1. Maintain a good economy while still spending money on the cold war. 2. Rely on nuclear weapons in case of war. 3. Use the CIA to carry out secret missions. 4. Gain more allies.
Brinkmanship
The US was willing to push the cold war to the brink of war.
Thaw
1970’s the aggressive policy for the cold war was abandoned by the US and USSR. Nixon created Detente. Eisenhower and Khrushchev met to discuss.
Geneva Summit
Cold war meeting with the US, Britain, France, and the USSR. They tried to create peace and security.
Spirit of Geneva
This meeting eased cold war tensions but it failed to make any agreements.
Open Skies Proposal
1955- Eisenhower wanted to have both sides use air surveillance on each other to get information on their militaries. Khrushchev refused but Eisenhower did it anyways and got caught.
Hungarian Revolt
Hungry had been under USSR control since 1945. On October 23, 1956, Hungarians began to protest. On November 4th, Soviets invaded and killed and hurt people. America did nothing.
Sputnik
1957 The Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite. The US panicked and created the NASA.
First Berlin Crisis
November 10th, 1958 Khrushchev said he wanted the US, Britain, and France to leave West Berlin. This did not happen.
Khrushchev’s visit to the US
1959- He took a tour of America and attended a summit meeting. During a talk, Fox studio criticized US and Soviet relations and he threatened to leave. No solutions were made but they agreed to keep communicating.
Guatemalan Coup
1954- The US overthrew Guatemalan leader with the help of the President of Nicaragua because they feared the Guatemalan leader was communist. They spent months threatening Guatemala. The leader resigned and fled to Mexico.
Bay of Pigs
In an effort to overthrow Castro, Eisenhower approved a plan called A Program of Covert Action. The initial budget was 4,400,000.
