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EIP > EIP Final > Flashcards

EIP Final Flashcards

1
Q

The percentage of how intelligible someone speech is (0-100%) is which level of measurable?
A) Ordinal
B) Ratio
C) Interval
D) Nominal

A

B) Ratio

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2
Q

A small effect size according to Cohen’s d is:
A) 1.0
B) .80
C) .50
D) .20

A

D) .20

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3
Q

A review article that synthesize results of qualitative studies is an example of a:
A) Meta-analysis
B) Scoping Review
C) Meta-synthesis

A

C) Meta-Synthesis

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4
Q

A review and critical analysis was conducted on Mindfullness-based interventions used to reduce the risk of burnout in healthcare professionals. Articles were selected based on specific criteria that allowed different types of research designs including mixed methods. This is an example of what type of literature review?
A) Systematic Review
B) Meta-analysis
C) Scoping Review

A

A) Systematic Review

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5
Q

Which of the following measures specifics the location of one participant in relationship to a group of participants?
A) Mean
B) Mode
C) Z Scores
D) Validity

A

C) Z scores

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6
Q

An ANOVA is used when comparing more than 2 groups.
A) True
B) False

A

A) True

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7
Q

A study was conducted to measure whether therapy for upper extremity movement for dressing was just as effective if delivered for four weeks versus eight weeks. This study was conducted with two groups of participants randomized to each group. Which type of statistic would be used to analyze this data?
A) Two-way Anova
B) One-way Anova
C) Paired samples t-test
D) Independent samples t-test

A

D) Independent samples t-test

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8
Q

A study was conducted to measure whether therapy for upper extremity movement for dressing was just as effective if delivered for four weeks versus eight weeks. This study was conducted with two groups of participants randomized to each group. The data was analyzed and found that there was a statistically significant (P<.01) difference between the two groups with more improvement in the 8-week group that the 4-week group. What does this statistically significant finding mean?
A) There was 1 in 100 chance that the difference between the groups is due to random chance
B) The 8 week group participants all reported changes in the quality of their lives
C) The 4 week group made no changes
D) Both B and C

A

A) There was 1 in 100 chance that the difference between the groups is due to random chance

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9
Q

A result is called “Statistically significant” whenever:
A) The null hypothesis is true
B) The Cohen’s d is .2
C) The p-value is less or equal to the significance level
D) The p-value is larger than the significance level

A

C) The p-value is less or equal to the significance level

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10
Q

What type of study is the highest level of evidence?
A) Randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
B) Cohort studies
C) Expert opinon
D) Systematic reviews

A

D) Systematic reviews

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11
Q

Parametric test require which type of data?
A) Nominal
B) Interval or ratio

A

B) Interval or ratio

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12
Q

Inferential statistics makes conclusions about the population regarding the sample data.
A) True
B) False

A

A) True

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13
Q

Quantitative studies on the effectiveness of multifactorial interventions in preventing falls among older adults were selected and reviewed using a statistical analysis of results to compare treatments. This is an example of what type of literature review?
A) Narrative Review
B) Systematic Review
C) Meta-analysis

A

C) Meta-Analysis

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14
Q

In quantitative data analysis, practical significance is measured by:
A) ANOVA
B) F ratio
C) Alpha level
D) Cohen’s d

A

D) Cohen’s d

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15
Q

Subject matter experts have been asked to rate the agree of test items with the objectives of the test and what it is supposed to measure. Which type of validity is being gathered?
A) Predictive
B) Content
C) Concurrent
D) Criterion

A

B) Content

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16
Q

Qualitative research uses non-probability sampling methods. In a research study, when subjects are not selected randomly but rather for a specific purpose by the researcher to best meet the needs of the study, this is an example of what type of sampling?
A) Convenience sampling
B) Purposive sampling
C) Voluntary Response Sampling
D) Snowball Sampling

A

B) Purposive Sampling

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17
Q

A researcher is classifying the gender of participants in the study by assigning a 0-male, 1-female, 2 nonbinary. What level of measurement is being used?
A) Nominal
B) Ratio

A

A) Nominal

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18
Q

Degrees of freedom is related to:
A) Significance level sample size
B) Sample size
C) Alpha level
D) Beta level

A

B) Sample size

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19
Q

Research improve external validity by creating strict exclusionary and inclusionary criteria.
A) True
B) False

A

A) True

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20
Q

Statistical power analysis seeks to optimize the size of:
A) Difference
B) Correlation
C) Sample
D) Population

A

C) Sample

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21
Q

Researchers are studying caregivers’ confidence and caring for a person post stroke. They administer a caregivers confidence assessment scale in conjunction with personal interviews to see if the participants view agree with the survey results. This is an example of what type of mixed methods research design?
A) Exploratory Sequential Mixed Methods Design
B) Explanatory Mixed Methods Design
C) Convergent Mixed Methods Design

A

C) Convergent Mixed Methods Design

22
Q

A review article that describes previous work and gaps on a topic in the literature has one Raider review the articles and lacks detailed methods on how articles were selected for review in an example of a:
A) Narrative Review
B) Systematic Review
C) Meta-Analysis

A

A) Narrative Review

23
Q

When administering a diagnostic test, a clinician wants to be assured that the test measures what is says it measures. This is known as:
A) Reliability
B) Standardization
C) Validity
D) Chronbach’s alpha

A

C) Validity

24
Q

Which metric of responsiveness provides a measurement that if exceeded will be perceived by the patient as a beneficial change?
A) Minimal clinically important difference
B) Standard deviation
C) Minimal detectable change
D) Standard error of measurement

A

A) Minimal clinically important difference

25
Q

The numerical values for small, medium, and large effect size are as follows:
A) .2 ; .5 ; .8
B) 10 ; 30 ; 50
C) 1 ; 3 ;5
D) .1 ; .2 ; .3

A

A) .2 ; .5 ; .8

26
Q

A student researcher wants to design a study to explain her theory of how participating in volunteer work impacts the development of a personal ethical code. The research design that would best allow a theory to be described is called which of the following?
A) Ground Theory
B) Exploratory

A

A) Grounded Theory

27
Q

A review was conducted to explore and understand the heath risks and outcomes of homelessness in school aged children. The literature search found limited research of this topic that especially related to developing interprofessional programming for this population. This is an example of what type of literature review?
A) Meta-Analysis
B) Scoping review
C) Systematic review

A

B) Scoping review

28
Q

Which of the following would NOT be a spurious claim based on pseudoscience?
A) Autism is caused by unloving mothers
B) Vitamin D3 can cure autism
C) Early intervention may improve the prognosis of autism
D) Vaccines cause autism

A

C) Early intervention may improve the prognosis of autism

29
Q

A researcher is measuring pain on a scale from 0-5. This level of measurement is:
A) Ordinal
B) Interval
C) Ratio

A

A) Ordinal

30
Q

Which of the following are the key components of a Qualitative Narrative Design? (select all that apply)
A) Focuses on context or culture
B) Focuses on the individual experience and sequence
C) Method of data collection: stories from individuals and documents
D) Focuses on studying one or two individuals, gathering data through the collection of their stories, reporting individual experiences, and chronologically ordering the meaning of those experiences.

A

B) Focuses on the individual experience and sequence
C) Method of data collection: stories from individuals and documents
D) Focuses on studying one or two individuals, gathering data through the collection of their stories, reporting individual experiences, and chronologically ordering the meaning of those experiences.

31
Q

Researches collect qualitative data first to explore a topic and THEN quantitative data is collected to measure variables indicated by the quantitive data. This is an example of:
A) Convergent mixed methods design
B) Explanatory sequential mixed methods design
C) Exploratory sequential mixed methods design

A

C) Exploratory sequential mixed methods design

32
Q

Nonparametric tests are used with racial data from normally distributed data.
A) True
B) False

A

B) False

33
Q

Which of the following alpha levels would make it the most difficult to obtain a significant difference?
A) .20
B) .01
C) .03
D) .05

A

B) .01

34
Q

Member checking, use of rich, thick description to convey meanings, use of peer debriefing, and/or the use of external auditors is a method to check for accuracy of findings in:
A) Quantitative methodology
B) Replication of studies
C) Qualitative methodology
D) Methods of generalizing date

A

C) Qualitative methodology

35
Q

Which most accurately describes a correlational method?
A) It aims to determine the probability of a particular future outcome
B) It analyses the differences between groups
C) It seeks to uncover causal relationships
D) It looks at the relationship or association between variables

A

D) It looks at the relationship or association between variables

36
Q

An exam is given to a class period the scores range from 77-100 with a mean of 88 and a standard deviation of two period what does the standard deviation indicate?
A) The scores were widely dispersed from the mean
B) The scores were closely dispersed around the mean

A

B) The scores were closed dispersed around the mean

37
Q

The degree that scores correlate with the scores obtained on a second administration of the instrument to the same participants is:
A) Split half reliability
B) Test-retest reliability
C) Construct validity
D) None of the above

A

B) Test-retest reliability

38
Q

A researcher will use interviews, progress reports, and clinical observations from a client to collect data about their response to inter-professional rehabilitation interventions. The objective is to understand the key factors that lead to successful outcomes for this individual. This is an example of what type of qualitative research design?
A) Phenomenology
B) Case Study
C) Grounded Theory
D) Ethnographic

A

B) Case Study

39
Q

When a researcher becomes immersed in the subject’s way of life in order to understand the culture and how their beliefs and attitudes shape behaviors and feelings. This is an example of what type of qualitative research design?
A) Ethnographic
B) Phenomenology
C) Case Study
D) Grounded Theory

A

A) Ethnographic

40
Q

Therapist are given a survey (based on a Likert scale - quantitative data) to gather information about their competency training patients to use assistive technology. Afterwards, the therapist participate in a focus group to get qualititative data to explain what they reported about their competency on the survey period this is an example of what type of mixed methods research design?
A) Exploratory sequential mixed methods design
B) Explanatory sequential mixed methods design
C) Convergent mixed methods design

A

B) Explanatory sequential mixed methods design

41
Q

It is you duty to be critical of every research study you read?
A) True
B) False

A

A) True

42
Q

Critical appraisal is the process of systematically examining research to determine the trustworthiness of the research and whether the results are relevant to the client/patient.
A) True
B) False

A

A) True

43
Q

What are the three main components of qualitative analysis?
A) Data management, generation of meaning, verification of data
B) Coding, verification, credibility
C) Data management, coding, themes
D) Data management, triangulation, credibility

A

A) Data management, generation of meaning, verification of data

44
Q

Which of the following qualitative researching designs would you use to answer the question, “what was the impact [if any] of the early Internet service providers on the development of telehealth therapy service?
A) Grounded Theory
B) Case study
C) Phenomenology
D) Ethnographic

A

C) Phenomenology

45
Q

Which of the following is not a component of evidence-based practice?
A) Client’s values and circumstances
B) Research evidence
C) Clinical expertise
D) Reliability of assessments

A

D) Reliability of assessments

46
Q

Mixed method methodologies allow researchers a greater range of insights and perspectives and permits triangulation of the confirmation of findings by different methods, which improves the overall quality validity of results.
A) True
B) False

A

A) True

47
Q

What is the method of data collection in qualitative research?
A) Scoring a standardized test
B) Observing mothers and children interacting and transcribing their conversation
C) Timing duration of production of /a/ phoneme

A

B) Observing mothers and children and transcribing their conversation

48
Q

Which research design has high internal validity?
A) Survey research
B) Experimental research
C) Ethnographic research
D) Correlational research

A

B) Experimental research

49
Q

The following is an example of what type of qualitative research design?

Abstract

Custom, rapid prototype thumb prosthesis for partial-hand amputation: A ________

Abstract

Background:

Conclusion:

A) Phenomenology
B) Case study
C) Ethnographic
D) Grounded Theory

A

B) Case study

50
Q

A researcher reports a significant result at a p less than .05. What does this mean?
A) The one result was statistically significant
B) The one result was not statistically significant
C) The results have practical significance
D) None of the above

A

A) The one result was statistically significant

EIP (1 decks)

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