EI: Electrical Potential Difference Flashcards
What is electromotive force?
a difference in potential that gives rise to an electric current.
What is electrical potential?
the amount of work energy needed to move a unit of electric charge from a reference point to the specific point in an electric field
What is electrical potential difference?
AKA voltage of a battery, the potential energy difference across its terminals for every Coulomb of charge
What is an electric current?
a flow of charge, a stream of charged particles, (electrons or ions) moving through an electrical conductor
What is an electrical conductor?
an object or type of material that allows the flow of charge (electric current) in one or more directions.
What is an electron?
a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity
What is an ion?
also called a charged particle because the number of electrons do not equal the number of protons and thus cannot acquire a positive charge or a negative charge.
What is a charged particle?
also called an ion, an atom with a positive or negative charge
What is an electric charge?
the physical property of matter that causes charged matter to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field
What is the common term for electrical potential difference or electromotive force?
voltage
What are the 5 electrical conductors?
silver, gold, copper, steel, and sea water
What does “battery voltage” refer to?
the difference in electrical potential between the positive and negative terminals of a battery
What is the voltage of a car battery?
12-volts but can range from 12.6 to 14.4. With the engine off, the fully charged car battery voltage measures 12.6 volts.
What is the voltage of an AA battery?
starts off with 1.5 volts of energy but goes down as used up, a dip below 1.35 may appear dead but will still have juice left to be used
What is the voltage of a cell phone battery?
All energy storage is normally expressed in watt hours, but all smartphone batteries work at the same voltage (3.8 volts).
What is the primary carrier of electricity in solids?
an electron
What is an electromagnetic field?
a field of force of both electric and magnetic components, resulting from the motion of an electric charge
What is a coulomb?
the SI unit of electric charge equal to the quantity of electricity conveyed in one second by a current
What is Coulomb’s Law?
like charges repel and opposite charges attract with a force proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Why is regular water not an electrical conductor?
Because of its lack of free electrons, it’s actually an insulator.
