Egypt Flashcards
How many years ago was the new way of living on the Nile
5000 years
Where did the ppl come from when they went to Egypt
The Middle East and central Africa
What did most ppl farm
Wheat and barley
What did the river leave behind when it flooded
Silt
Where is lower Egypt
In northern Egypt and in the Nile delta near med sea
Why is it called lower Egypt
End of river low elevation
Why is it called upper Egypt
High elevations and mountains
Where is upper Egypt
Southern and central Egypt
Was Egypt once 2 different kingdoms
Yes
Who joined the 2 kingdoms into 1
Menes
Who led the kingdoms
Pharaohs
Where is the Nile river located
North Eastern Africa in Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia
How long was the Nile
4000 miles longest river
What was surrounding the Nile
Deserts
How many cataracts are on the Nile
6
What are cataracts
A series of rapids
What is the Nile delta
Where the rivers branches and empties into the Med sea
How did the Egyptians depend on the river
Irrigation Food Drinking water Transportation and trade Bathing Jobs papyrus
What did the pharaohs have and do
Had absolutely power Made all laws Answered to no one Considered a god or child of good Had great tombs built for afterlife
How many pharaohs were ther for the 31 dynasty’s
Over 300
How many people did the pharaoh lead
5 mil Egyptians
What is the chief advisor to the pharaoh called
Visor 2nd most powerful man
What did the visor do
Decided what was important to they’ll the pharaoh and was in charge of nomads and who collected taxes and solved smaller notes
Who were scribes
Well respected usually sons of wealthy families
Who were soldiers
Protected Egypt in times of war but went back to regular time in peace
What were soldiers paid
Food
What were artisans
Employed by the upper class and created most treasures found today
What were merchants
People who traded within Egypt and other countries
Who were peasant farmers and workers
Poor farmers who were paid very little and would work for gov’t buildings when in the offseason
What are servants and slaves
Often foreigners servamts worked in households or fields for every little money salves were often pows
When was the period when the pyramids were built
The old kingdom
Why were pyramids stop being built
Expensive
Frequently robbed
Achievements of the old kingdom
Capital Memphis
Pharaohs organized irrigation
Famous pharaohs of old kingdom
Sneferu
Kufu (Cheops)
Teti
When was Egypt golden age
The Middle Kingdom
What period did hidden construction begin
Middle Kingdom
Did nomarchs and the army become more powerful in the Middle Kingdom
Yes
Achievements of Middle Kingdom
Capital moved to Thebes
Use of chariots began
Famous pharaohs of Middle Kingdom
Montuhotep
Amenehet
What Kingdom had the time of great expansion Egypts most prosperous and powerful time
The new kingdom
Achievements of the new kingdom
Egypt expanded south to Nubia/ kush
Valley of the kings
Famous pharaohs of the new kingdom
Hatshepsut (promoted trade)
Nerertiti
Ramses ii
Cleopatra (last pharaoh)
Was religion extremely important
Yes
Were the Egyptians polytheistic
Yes
Were all gods important and no one god was more powerful than the others
Yes
Did many gods have body’s of humans but heads of animals
Yes
Who were some of the more important gods
Ra sun god
Osiris god of underworld
Anubis god of mummification
Hapi goddess of the Nile
Did the Egyptians believe that with proper preparation the soul could live again in the underworld
Yes
Would the body be carefully mummified
Yes
What would Anubis do when they got to the underworld
Measured the heart against a feather
What would happen if the heart didn’t balance
They would get eaten by a crocodile hippo or a lion
What was the ancient Egyptian writing called
Hieroglyphics
What was hieroglyphics made of
Symbols and pictures
Do some symbols stand for sound words or letters
Yes
What did they use to write on
Clay or stone at first
Then papyrus
No one new the meaning of hieroglyphics from 400 to 1799 because of what
Rosetta Stone
What was something Egypt was famous for
Massive architecture
