Egypt Flashcards
What direction does the Nile river flow?
North.
Explain how the people of the Nile used the river floods and what time that the floods came.
July - October: Akhet, the flood season.
November - February: Peret, the seed time.
March - June: Shemu, the harvest time.
What did the ancient Egyptians treat the Nile as?
A god or a gift from the gods.
Why are the hieroglyphs for going North a boat with sails down and going South a boat with sails up?
Because you need sails up to go South, as it is against the current of the Nile river.
What made the legal system of Egyptians different from the others at around the same time?
Both sexes were treated equally.
What does the word and the goddess Ma’at represent?
Justice, truth, order and balance.
Who were the Pharaoh’s wives/husbands? What relation did they have to the Pharaoh?
They were relatives of the opposite sex. The Egyptians believed that this kept the bloodline and the wealth of the family pure, and also believed that this was what the Gods did.
Represent the roles of the Egyptians with a pyramid or list.
Pharaoh Vizier, senior officials, high priests and nobles Scribes Skilled artisans and craftspeople Peasant farmers and workers Servants and slaves
What were the steps for embalming?
Step 1 Have your jackal mask ready so you can dress up as the god Anubis. Learn the prayers and magic spells from the Book of the Dead. Chant these over the dead body as you work.
Step 2 Wash the dead body with water or palm wine.
Step 3 Use a long hook to pull out the brains through the left nostril. Throw them away.
Step 4 Cut the left side of the stomach and remove the liver, lungs, intestines and stomach. Leave the heart as it contains the personality.
89Step 5 Cover the internal organs with natron to absorb all moisture. Rub the dried organs with oils and resin and wrap them in linen bandages. Put each organ in the correct canopic jar.
Step 6 Cover the body with natron for 40 days to dry. Rub the dried skin with palm oils and ointments. Pack the stomach cavity with perfumed linen and sew up the wound.
Step 7 Place a magic charm over the stomach wound and a scarab (beetle-shaped charm) over the heart. Then wrap the body with linen bandages dipped in gum. Wrap every part separately. You will need about 370 square metres of linen. Put amulets and charms such as ankhs (ankhs) in with the bandages. The dead person’s soul will need these during its journey to the Kingdom of Osiris.
Step 8 Place a mask made from linen and glue over the person’s head and shoulders. If you have time, paint this or cover it in gold leaf. Also place a panel across the top part of the body, decorated with protective symbols and drawings.
Step 9 Place the wrapped mummy in a body-shaped coffin decorated with jewels, paintings and inscriptions of spells. Paint the coffin so it looks like the person within when he or she was alive. Be flattering!
Step 10 The mummy and the canopic jars are ready. Your chief priest will accompany the funeral procession to the tomb so he can conduct the ceremony to open the mummy’s mouth. The person’s soul needs to talk in the afterlife. Remember, the professional mourners will be noisy!
Which of the seven wonders of the ancient world resides in Giza, Egypt?
The Great Pyramid of Giza. It is also the only surviving member of the Ancient Wonders.
What were the 3 main kingdoms?
Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom.
