Effects of Stenosis on Flow Characteristics

Question 1

what causes a notable reduction in volume flow and pressure

Answer 1

hemodynamically significant stenosis

Question 2

cross sectional area reduction of _____% = diameter reduction of ______%

Answer 2

75, 50

Question 3

effects of flow abnormality produced by a stenosis depends on:

a.

Answer 3

length, diameter, shape of narrowing

Question 4

effects of flow abnormality produced by a stenosis depends on:

b. multiple obstructions in the same vessel:

Answer 4

resistance to flow is less than the resistance in each individual narrowing because less volume of blood flow is going through each narrowing

Question 5

effects of flow abnormality produced by a stenosis depends on:

c. obstruction at different vessels that are parallel:

Answer 5

resistance to flow is less than the resistance in each individual narrowing because less volume of blood flow is going through each narrowing

Question 6

effects of flow abnormality produced by a stenosis depends on:

d. pressure gradient

Answer 6

peripheral resistance beyond stenosis

Question 7

prox to a stenosis

Answer 7

flow frequencies are usualy dampened with or without disturbance

Question 8

entrance into a stenosis produces _______ Doppler shift frequencies, resulting in _______ and ______ velocities

Answer 8

increase
spectral broadening
elevated

Question 9

flow disturbance occurs with

Answer 9

high velocity and eddy currents

Question 10

abnormal jet (elevated velocities) may be isolated to area of stenosis, but also

Answer 10

approaching and/or leaving it

Question 11

at stenosis exit, flow reversals, flow separations, vortices/eddy currents occur

Answer 11

near edge of flow pattern

Question 12

flow quality has multiple changes in

Answer 12

direction and spectral broadening

Question 13

energy expand as

Answer 13

heat