EFFECTS OF IMFA ON THE PROPERTIES OF A SUBSTANCE Flashcards
The properties of molecules depend on the strength of their __________
Intermolecular Forces (IMFA)
these forces dictate how molecules interact and behave in different conditions.
Intermolecular Forces (IMFA)
is the measure of how much solute can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature and pressure, resulting in a uniform solution.
Solubility
It varies for different solutes and solvents; for example, sugar dissolves well in water, while oil does not. _________ is influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, and the chemical nature of the substances involved.
Solubility
It is a Solid
Solute
It is a Liquid
Solvent
Water as ________
Solvent
if the _____ and _______ exhibits the same imfa, they form solution. However, substances that has distinct imfa most likely to not dissolve.
Solute, Solvent
Like Dissolves Like
Non Polar Dissolves Non Polar
Opposite cant dissolve opposite
Non Polar cant dissolve Polar
When molecules have strong ________ ______ __ _______ , they are packed close together.
Intermolecular Forces of Attraction
Strong imfa often exist as condensed phase (solid or liquid) at room temperature. When molecules have a weak imfa, they are far apart from each other and they often exist as gas at room temperature.
PHASES OF MOLECULE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
Temperature at which the substances changes from solid to liquid under standard atmospheric pressure.
Melting Point
At this specific temperature, the molecules in the solid gain enough energy to overcome intermolecular forces, allowing them to move freely and transition into the liquid phase.
Melting Point
The _______ _____ varies for different substances and is influenced by factors like pressure and molecular structure.
Melting Point
substances with stronger IMFA have higher melting point compared to those who have weaker IMFA.
is the temperature at which a liquid transitions to a gas at a given atmospheric pressure.
Boiling Point
At this temperature, the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the surrounding pressure, allowing bubbles of vapor to form within the liquid.
Boiling Point
The ________ _____ varies for different substances and is influenced by factors such as atmospheric pressure and impurities.
Boiling point
The _______ the boiling point is, the more likely it is to evaporate and turn into gas. While having _________ boiling point means it can tolerate heat more longer than those who have weaker boiling point.
Weaker, High
substances with stronger IMFA have ________ boiling point compared to those who have weaker IMFA.
Higher
Melting Point
the tendency of a liquid to acquire the least possible surface area, allowing small objects to float on it.
Surface Tension
this tension is like a skin on top of the liquid, holding its shape and creating a surface that allows for small insects and light objects to float in it. It’s because the water molecules are sticking together tightly.
Surface Tension
molecules with ________ _____ will exert greater cohesive forces and acquire less surface area or higher surface tension than those with weaker IMFA.
Stronger, IMFA
It is the measure of a liquid’s resistance to flow. It describes how thick or sticky a liquid is; for example, honey has a higher ________ than water because it flows more slowly.
Viscosity
is influenced by factors such as temperature and the molecular structure of the liquid.
Viscosity
The stronger the _______ is, the more likely it is to have a slow resistance. Meanwhile, on the other hand, weaker _________ tend to have fast resistance like water.
Viscosity
molecules with stronger IMFA have greater resistance to flow than those with weaker IMFA.
Viscosity
is the pressure exerted by the vapor (gas) of a liquid when it is in equilibrium with its liquid phase in a closed container.
Vapor Pressure
This means that some molecules of the liquid escape into the gas phase, while others return to the liquid phase.
Vapor Pressure
The higher the _______ ______ of a liquid, the more likely it is to evaporate. A high _________ _____ means that a significant number of molecules have enough energy to escape from the liquid phase into the gas phase.
Vapor Pressure
This typically occurs at higher temperatures or in substances with weaker intermolecular forces, allowing more molecules to break free and become vapor.
Vapor Pressure
molecules with stronger IMFA have less tendency to escape as gas.
Vapor Pressure
