Effects of Heat Flashcards
- a state of matter characterized by elevation of temperature
- perceived as the opposite to cold
heat
Sources of heat generation
- Chemical heat production
- Mechanical heat production
- Electromagnetic heat production
- Electrical heat production
- Heat conduction
heat produced as by-product of metabolism. This can be a result of exercise (walking or running)
Chemical heat production
accomplished through friction e.g., rubbing hands or soles of feet together.
Mechanical heat production
accomplished through absorption and conversion of various diathermies and
radiant energies
Electromagnetic heat production
machine that produces a certain amount of electromagnetic radiation→producing
heat
Diathermies
o when ions and molecules in a system is stimulated, the particles are accelerated,
and random kinetic energy is produced which gives rise to heat production.
o This can be seen when an electric current is passed through a conductor, the conductor becomes hot
after some time and produces heat.
Electrical heat production
heat transfer
Heat conduction
Different modes of heat transmission:
- Conduction
- Convection
- Conversion
- Radiation
- Evaporation
heat transfer from a warmer object to a cooler object through direct molecular interaction
of objects in physical contact. Ex: frying pan and food
Conduction
heat transfer by movement of air or fluid from a warmer area to a cooler area. Ex: Heater
(used during winter)
Convection
heat is transfer by converting or changing one form of energy to another form of energy. Ex: Electromagnetic radiation into thermal energy.
Conversion
transfer of heat from a radiant energy without any intervening medium. Ex: Oven, microwave
Radiation
transfer of heat through steam. Ex: Spa
Evaporation
Types of heating
Vigorous heating
Mild heating
Wet/moist heating
Dry heating
is achieve by obtaining the highest tissue temperature in the area to be treated rapidly and is maintained for a relatively prolonged period of time; is applied during chronic condition
Vigorous heating
have only small temperature elevation in the area to be treated; temperature is confined more at the superficial layer and maintained for a brief period of time and rate of temperature increase is slow
Mild heating
type of heating where there is presence of sweat or fluid in the surrounding area being treated; can slightly heat deeper structures than dry heat
Wet/moist heating
type of heating where the area to be treated is dry; more superficial structures can be heated
Dry heating
the amount of heat required per unit of mass
to change the temperature to one degree Celsius
Specific heat
the greatest amount of heat is developed in the region of greatest current density
Kirchoff’s law
focuses on how the body reacts to a certain stimulus (stimulus)
Physiologic
focuses on the recovery
side (how body can benefit from the stimulus)
Therapeutic
The temperature of the epidermis and superficial subcutaneous tissues is raised
superficial heat
alter the temperature of deeper tissues to a depth of around 5 cm (about 1.97 in).
deep heating
superficial heat modalities
Hot packs, heating pads, paraffin baths, infrared, ultrasound, and fluidotherapy
technique used by hot packs and paraffin baths to transmit heat directly between two items that are at different temperatures
conduction
Fluidotherapy circulates liquid or gas across a body’s surface to transfer heat through
convection
ultrasound and radiant heat uses ___ by changing one energy form into another.
conversion
result by using hot packs and heating pads for an extended period, as well as from applying an excessively high heat source to the skin without a barrier
contact burns
