Effect Of Personality On Stress- type A and B

Question 0

What was the aim of their research?

Answer 0

To see if stressed personality types were more likely to get coronary heart disease than less stressed personality types

Question 1

Who studied different personality types?

Answer 1

Friedman and rosenman

Question 2

How old were the participants? Which gender? How many?

Answer 2

3200 49-59 males

Question 3

How was the sample attained

Answer 3

By responding to an advertisement

Question 4

How did they study the participants?

Answer 4

Through observations and interviews (structured to measure impatience, competitiveness and hostility)

Question 5

What were the traits of a type A1 personality?

Answer 5

Type A1- high levels of impatience, hostility and competitiveness.
Work against the clock and multitask. Show irritation and impatience in others.
Unhappy doing nothing
play to win
Measure achievement through productivity
Self critical
Hostile to outside world and direct anger inward

Question 6

What are the traits of a type A2 personality?

Answer 6

Show some characteristics of type A, but not all

Question 7

What are the traits of a type X personality?

Answer 7

Equal amounts of type A and type B

Question 8

What are the traits of a type B personality?

Answer 8

More relaxed
Show lower levels of hostility, impatience and competitiveness
Not so driven to succeed or impress

Question 9

When were the men assessed again to see if they have coronary heart disease ?

Answer 9

8 years later

Question 10

How many men had coronary heart disease? What is the result as a percentage of type A men?

Answer 10

257 had CHD, 70% were type A

Question 11

What other factors did they take into account?

Answer 11

Smoking, obesity, blood pressure. All these factors are linked to CHD

Question 12

Which personality types had higher levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline? What does this suggest?

Answer 12

Type A, suggesting that personality type is linked to stress

Question 13

What can be concluded by this study?

Answer 13

It is thought that the way different personalities experience stress is the issue
Type As release more stress chemicals, because of how the mind experiences the situation- they are competitive so they get stressed when they lose
They get angry easily leading to a increased heart rate
The stress chemicals inhibit the digestive system, causing higher cholesterol levels which could increase chances of CHD

Question 14

What are the practical applications of the study?

Answer 14

Can advise type A people lifestyle changes to reduce their risk

Question 15

How is assessing personalities through 2 methods a strength?

Answer 15

It makes the results more reliable

Question 16

Give a strength to the study?

Answer 16

Many extraneous variables were controlled so it’s easy to see a cause and effect relationship between personality type and CHD

Question 17

Does the study have population validity?

Answer 17

No because the participant were only American males. We don’t know how personality type affects women. The study may also be culture bias as it doesn’t tell us about any other culture

Question 18

How is it a weakness that they did observations and interviews?

Answer 18

The results may be affected by interviewer/observer effects and by interviewer/observer bias

Question 19

What is a weakness to Friedman’s and rosenman’s study?

Answer 19

Not all extraneous variables were controlled eg support at home, major life events which could affect results