EFA

Question 1

No malignant cells and cellular debris and brown fluid

Answer 1

Fibrocystic change

Question 1

Abscess- pus
Fat necrosis - oil cyst on USS, inflammatory changes such as macrophages

Question 2

Does everyone get a mammogram or USS? Clinical finding

Answer 2

No - if there is a symptom or clinical finding, you do both USS + mammogram

If over 40 - mammogram
If under 40 - USS

Question 3

Spinal cord compression is a?

Answer 3

Medical emergency

Question 4

Symptoms of spinal cord compression

Answer 4

Loss of sensation in perineum
Signs of incontinence
Hip flexion weakness

Question 5

Management of spinal cord compression

Answer 5

Urgent MRI
Spinal cord decompression

Question 6

Breast cancer biggest risk

Answer 6

Biggest risk is age

Answer 7

Aspirin - be careful during surgery as can cause haematomas

Answer 8

Aromatase inhibitor
Bisphosphonate

Question 9

Her 2 negative - can you do immunotherapy?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

ABPI - shows arterial disease, not venous disease

Question 11

An ulcer is 10x5cm, superficial with brown discolouration of lower legs (haemosiderin deposition), thickened skin (lipodermatosclerosis). What is the cause of the ulcer

Answer 11

Venous ulcer

Question 12

What causes discolouration of the lower legs?

Answer 12

Haemosiderin deposition due to leaking out from varicose veins

Question 13

What causes the thickened skin

Answer 13

inflammation casuing lipodermatosclerosis

Question 14

Arterial

Answer 14

Venous

Question 15

Arterial vs venous ulcer - pain

Question 16

Superficial thrombophlebitis within varicose veins causing swollen hard cord in the long vein - management

Answer 16

NSAIDs
Foam sclerotherapy

Question 17

When would you give anticoags such as rivaroxaban?

Answer 17

Rivaroxaban only if you think it’s a superfician vein to deep vein connection

Question 18

Long standing varicose vein

Question 19

What size of aortic aneurysm do you repair?

Answer 19

5.5cm - for repair of aortic aneurysm
If smaller - repeat USS