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Patient Care Theory II > EENT > Flashcards

EENT Flashcards

1
Q

What is tinnitus?

A

subjective ringing, buzzing etc in the ear

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2
Q

What is diplopia?

A

two images of an object seen simultaneously

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3
Q

What is dysphagia?

A

inability or difficulty swallowing

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4
Q

What is dysarthria?

A

impairment or clumsiness in uttering words

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5
Q

What is nystagmus?

A

involuntary back and forth or cyclical movement of the eyes

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6
Q

What is hematemesis?

A

vomiting of blood

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7
Q

What is hemoptysis?

A

blood from nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi or lungs

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8
Q

What is Ludwig’s angina?

A

inflammation of subcutaneous tissue adjacent to submaxillary gland

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9
Q

What is angioedema?

A

edematous areas of skin, mucous membranes or internal organs (usually related to hives)

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10
Q

What is cataracts?

A

-Most common cause of vision loss and blindness
-Clouding of the lens (behind the iris and pupil) caused by protein clumping together.

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11
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of cataracts?

A

-Fogging of the lens causes less light to reach the retina causing even increased difficulty w night vision
-Bright light may become too bright or have halos
-Blurred or double vision (diplopia) when looking w one eye

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12
Q

What is glaucoma?

A

-Buildup of intraocular pressure in the eye leading to optic nerve damage, hereditary and happens later in life
-Aqueous humour fluid is over produced or can’t drain properly causing increase in pressure
-Without treatment can cause permanent blindness
-Seeing halos, vision loss, redness, pain, NV, blurred vision

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13
Q

What are the risk factors for glaucoma?

A

-Family Hx
-Vision issues
-DM
-Steroid use
-Eye injury
-Thin corneas
-HTN
-CAD
-SCA

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14
Q

What is retinal detachment?

A

-Retina detaches from the vascular layer of the eye (removing it’s blood supply)
-Can tear before detachment (same s/s)
-Tear causes fluid to leak and separate retina from its tissues
-If left untreated will lead to vision loss
S&S:
-Floaters
-Flashes
-Darkness
-Curtains

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15
Q

What is Otitis media/externa?

A

-Inflammation/fluid build up in the middle/outer ear
-Most common in children between 3mos and 3yrs (eustachian tubes are underdeveloped)
-Can be viral or bacterial and usually associated w a cold

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16
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of otitis media/externa?

A

-Otorrhea
-Headache
-Fever
-Irritable
-Localizing
-NVD
-Pain
-Hearing impairment

17
Q

What is a perforated eardrum?

A

-Hole in the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
-Causes: Infection (otitis media), trauma, surgical complication, pressure, loud noises and poor cleaning habits
S/S:
-Hearing loss
-Tinnitus
-Earache
-Vertigo
-Discharge of mucous

18
Q

What is vertigo?

A

-Sensation of moving/spinning or the objects around are moving when they are not
-Peripheral Vertigo (inner ear) or central vertigo is a tumor or issue with brain stem, cerebellum or other area of CNS
-Usually caused by an inner ear problem related to Calcium deposits, Fluid (infection or not) or injury

19
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of vertigo?

A

-Dizziness
-NV
-Unsteady gait
-Headache
-Diaphoresis
-Tinnitus

20
Q

What is BPPV?

A

bits of calcium roll around in semi-circular canals giving false sense of motion

21
Q

What is Meniere’s?

A

increase in natural fluid in inner ear

22
Q

What is labrythitis?

A

Viral infection of inner ear

23
Q

What is a peritonsillar abscess?

A

-Abscess forms in the throat near the tonsils (not the same as tonsillitis)
-More common in adults
-Usually a complication associated with tonsilitis (strep) and frequently will have had recent infection
-Generally won’t happen in those w tonsillectomy

24
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of a peritonsillar abscess?

A

-Fever
-Pain (one sided)
-Redness
-Swelling
-Trismus
-Change in voice

25
Q

What are the possible complications of a peritonsillar abscess?

A

-Airway issues due to tension of abscess
-Local infection becoming systemic (sepsis)
-Dec. in oral intake leading to dehydration
-Aspiration of saliva/fluid
-Retropharyngeal abscess

26
Q

What is tonsilitis?

A

-Inflammation of the tonsils
-Common in children
-Generally Viral infection
-Can be Bacterial, if bacterial usually strep
S/S:
-Pain
-Redness
-Hoarseness
-Ear pain
-Loss of appetite
-Fever
-Dysphagia
-Lymph edema in neck

27
Q

What is a retropharyngeal abscess?

A

-Abscess found behind the pharynx caused by bacterial infection
-Mortality associated with airway obstruction or sepsis
S/S:
-Sore throat
-Fever
-Neck stiffness
-Stridor
-Malaise
-Drooling
-Croupy cough

28
Q

What is sinusitis?

A

-Inflammation of the lining of the sinuses
-Causes: Infection, allergies, pollution, structural problems, most cases are viral infection while recurrent cases could be related to asthma,
CF or immunocompromise
S/S:
-Facial pain
-Stuffiness
-Mucous discharge
-Cough
-Fever
-Dental pain

Patient Care Theory II (8 decks)

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