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Neurology > EEG > Flashcards

EEG Flashcards

1
Q

What wave is seen in the awake, alert state?

A

Beta waves > 13 Hz (predominant over frontal regions)

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2
Q

What waves are seen in the relaxed, awake state?

A

Alpha waves 8-13 Hz (seen more in posterior head regions)

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3
Q

What does diffuse theta or delta wave activity in the awake state indicate?

A

Suggests encephalopathy (but does not distinguish the cause)

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4
Q

What does focal arrhythmic or polymorphic slow activity in the theta or delta range suggest?

A

Local dysfunction in the underlying brain (e.g. vascular disease)

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5
Q

What are the most common EEG patterns for seizures?

A

Rhythmic spike or sharp and slow wave discharges or rhythmic slow waves (may be focal or generalized)

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6
Q

What technique can be used to provoke EEG changes in a patient with absence seizures?

A

Hyperventilation

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7
Q

What technique can be used to provoke EEG changes in a patient with myoclonic seizures?

A

Photic stimulation

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8
Q

What is the EEG pattern of CJD?

A

Periodic sharp waves

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9
Q

What EEG pattern is seen in REM sleep?

A

Low-voltage waves that are random, fast and sawtoothed.

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10
Q

What is EEG pattern of alert wakefulness?

A

Beta waves - Low voltage, random pattern, with few rhythmic components

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11
Q

What is the EEG pattern of relaxed wakefulness?

A

Alpha waves - Low voltage, rhythmic alpha, with occasional bursts of the alertness pattern

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12
Q

What is the EEG pattern of NREM stage 1 sleep?

A

Theta waves (slower in frequency and greater in amplitude than alpha waves) interspersed with alpha waves

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13
Q

What is the EEG pattern of NREM stage 2 sleep?

A

Theta waves (stage 1 background) with sleep spindles (sudden increase in wave frequency) and K-complexes (sudden increase in wave amplitude) at least every 30 seconds.

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14
Q

What is the EEG pattern of NREM stage 3 sleep (slow wave/deep sleep)?

A

Delta waves - slowest waves with highest amplitude

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15
Q

What is the EEG pattern of hypersomnolence disorder?

A

Increased slow wave sleep

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16
Q

What is the EEG pattern of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome?

A

Slow (1-2 per second) spike-and-wave discharges

17
Q

What is the EEG pattern of benign rolandic epilepsy?

A

Centrotemporal spikes

18
Q

What is the EEG pattern of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?

A

4-6 per second polyspike-and-wave

19
Q

What is the EEG pattern of primary generalized epilepsy of childhood?

A

3-Hz spike-and-wave

20
Q

What is hypsarrhythmia?

A

An abnormal interictal pattern, consisting of high amplitude and irregular waves and spikes in a background of chaotic and disorganized activity seen on electroencephalogram (EEG), and frequently encountered in an infant diagnosed with infantile spasms, although it can be found in other conditions.

21
Q

What is the EEG pattern seen in hepatic enchephalopathy?

A

Triphasic waves

Neurology (16 decks)

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