EEC and EFTA Flashcards
Where and when was the EEC established?
Conference in Sicily (1955), officially began with the Treaty of Rome (1957).
Did Britain join the EEC at its founding?
No, Britain sent delegates to observe but did not sign the Treaty of Rome or become a member.
Which countries dominated the early EEC?
France and Germany led the EEC.
Why did de Gaulle resist British involvement?
He wanted to protect the EEC from ‘les Anglo-Saxons’ (Britain & the US).
Was the EEC’s success guaranteed?
No, at the time no one knew if it would work.
Why did Britain form the EFTA instead of joining the EEC?
Britain wanted a trade alliance for coal and steel but no political ties.
When was the EFTA formed, and who led it?
Formed in 1959, launched in 1960, led by Britain.
Which countries joined Britain in the EFTA?
Austria, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland.
How did the EFTA compare to the EEC?
Less strong, fewer members, and only moderately successful.
Why did Britain apply to join the EEC in 1961 (4)?
- Wanted to escape ‘stop-go’ economics and achieve sustained growth like West Germany & Italy.
- Aimed to influence Europe from within.
- Feared exclusion from the free market.
- Recognized the EEC as a rising global power.
What influenced Britain’s negotiations (4)?
- USA supported Britain joining (Cold War context, Britain’s declining empire).
- Britain wanted to maintain ties with the Commonwealth and USA.
- Sought exemptions from EEC rules (e.g., New Zealand lamb exports).
- Edward Heath led Britain’s negotiations.
Why was Britain’s application rejected (3)?
- Charles de Gaulle (France) vetoed Britain’s entry at the last minute.
- France was wary of Britain’s Anglo-American ties.
- Other EEC members supported Britain’s entry, but could not override France’s veto.
What were the consequences of Britain’s rejection from the EEC (3)?
- Blow to British pride and Macmillan’s government.
- Worsened relations between Britain and France.
- Disappointed other EEC members who wanted Britain to join.
