EE Lecture 30: Predation 2

Question 1

what predator has high lethality but low intimacy

Answer 1

true predators

Question 2

describe parasitoids in terms of lethality and intimacy

Answer 2

high lethality high intimacy

Question 3

what predator has high intimacy, low lethality

Answer 3

parasites

Question 4

describe grazers in terms of lethality and intimacy

Answer 4

low intimacy

low lethality

Question 5

what predator has high intimacy high lethality

Answer 5

parasitoids

Question 6

describe true predators in terms of lethality and intimacy

Answer 6

high lethality

low intimacy

Question 7

what predator has low intimacy low lethality

Answer 7

grazers

Question 8

describe parasites in terms of lethality and intimacy

Answer 8

low lethality high intimacy

Question 9

what is partial refugia

Answer 9

when aggregation creates a safer space for the pop as it excludes interspec comp and keeps condns more constant

Question 10

what do mummy parasitoids do

Answer 10

eat hyperparasitoids

Question 11

what is a hyperparasitoid

Answer 11

a parasite whose host is a parasite

Question 12

what is the LV -prey eqtn

Answer 12

dN/dt = rN - aPN

Question 13

in LV predator prey model, what is a and P

Answer 13

a = search efficiency/attack rate
P = number predators

Question 14

what is the basic predator model, with no prey = decline through starvation

Answer 14

dP/dt = -qP

Question 15

what is LV predator eqt

Answer 15

dP/dt = caPN - qP

Question 16

in LV predatpr eqtn what is q and c

Answer 16

q = starvation rate
c= conversion rate

Question 17

what is the overall rate at which predators remove individuals from the prey pop

Answer 17

aNP

Question 18

what is the LV predator prey model

Answer 18

dN/dt = rN - aPN
dP/dt = caNP - qP

Question 19

in LV predator prey model, what is osocline

Answer 19

aa line for which P is constant

Question 20

using the LV pred prey model, when does the prey pop decrease

Answer 20

the prey pop decreases if the number of predators P is greater than r/a

Question 21

using the LV pred prey model, when does the prey pop increase

Answer 21

the prey pop increases if the number of P predators is fewer than r/a

Question 22

what is eqtn for adding functional response to exponential pop growth rate

Answer 22

dN/dt = rN - aPN (a = attack rate)

Question 23

using LV pred-prey model, at zero isoclines when no change in prey, what is P

Answer 23

P = r/a

Question 24

at zero isoclines, when no change in predators

Answer 24

N = q / ca

Question 25

what suggests that predator prey cycles have an inherant tendency to cycleq

Answer 25

combining results of the isoclines suggesting that prey pops dont change when P = r/a and predator pops dont change when N = q / ca

Question 26

what is eqtn for dP/dt and dN/dt in LV pred-prey model

Answer 26

``` dP/dt = caPN - qP dN/dt = rN - aPN a=attack rate q=starvation rate c = conversion rate ```

Question 27

how can you show graphically that predator prey relationships cycle

Answer 27

plot the abundance preds vs. abundance prey | AND plot abundance of both pred and prey vs. time

Question 28

what is the outcome of LV predator prey cycles

Answer 28

coupled oscillations which are neutrally stable and each disturbance initiates a new set of cycles

Question 29

in lynx hare cycle, how far behind is the predator

Answer 29

quarter of a cycle

Question 30

give some examples of apparently coupled oscillations

Answer 30

indian meal moth and the parasitoid | snowshoe hare and canadian lync

Question 31

give example of pops that cycle by themselves

Answer 31

the indian meal moth cycles by itself

Question 32

what does the amplitude of the pred prey LV cycle depend on

Answer 32

depend son the initial numbers of predators and prey = if the initial numbers shift even slightly, the amplitude of the cycle with change -this is UNREALISTIC

Question 33

what influences the popn cycling of snowshoe hares+canadian lynx

Answer 33

predation AND food

Question 34

which dynamics are most complicated - hare or lynx?

Answer 34

hare dynamics more complicated, theyre affected by lynx but also by available high quality food plants

Question 35

why are type 2 FRs theoretically destabilizing

Answer 35

due to the fact they are inversely density dependent

Question 36

what dampens LV oscillations - how?

Answer 36

competition/interference dampens oscillations due to non linear isoclines

Question 37

how can popn dynamics be stabilized

Answer 37

aggregation spatial structure metapopns spatial strcture