Edwardian Foreign Policy Flashcards
What were the aims of Somerset’s foreign policy in Scotland? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
Somerset wanted to fulfil the terms of the Treaty of Greenwich by marrying Edward and Mary QoS and uniting England and Scotland. He also wanted to continue attacking Scotland and break their auld alliance with France.
When was the Battle of Pinkie? What was the outcome? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
The Battle of Pinkie took place in September 1547, with this resulting in an English victory.
With what method did Somerset plan to use military presence within Scotland? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
Somerset planned to maintain a military presence around Scotland by garrisoning troops within Scotland which could maintain constant and powerful presence over the region.
Why were Somerset’s garrisons within Scotland so unsuccessful? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
Somerset’s Scottish garrisons were unsuccessful due to the price involved, the significant threat posed to them by French troops and the lack of defences at many of the bases.
How did Somerset fail with regards to his policy of uniting England and Scotland? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
Somerset failed in uniting England and Scotland as a result of Henry II marrying Mary QoS to his son. Meant that the marriage alliance of the Treaty of Greenwich was ruined.
What was the total cost of Somerset’s war in Scotland between 1547 and 1549? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
Somerset’s war in Scotland from 1547-49 cost the crown £580,000.
When did France declare war on England under the governance of Somerset? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
France declared war on England in 1549, attacking Boulogne.
How many garrisons did Somerset have in Scotland? How much did this cost? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
Somerset had 25 garrisons in Scotland, costing £351,000.
How much did Somerset’s policy of garrisons cost? How much did Henry’s policy of raids cost? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
Somerset’s policy of garrisons cost £350,000, whereas Henry’s raids only cost £235,000.
When was the Treaty of Boulogne agreed? What were the terms of this? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
The Treaty of Boulogne was agreed in 1550, with this transferring control of the port to Boulogne to France in return for £133,333. A marriage alliance was further agreed between Edward and Henry II’s daughter to reduce foreign tensions. The French pension was also lost as a result.
Why can the sale of Boulogne to France in 1550 be seen both positively and negatively? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
Boulogne was becoming unsustainable and a drain on the nation’s weak finances, so to sell it and receive money for it was an achievement when it was already scheduled to be handed over in 1554. However, the value of the port was 2 million crowns, much more than what was provided by France. It was also previously Henry’s prized military acquisition.
What was Northumberland’s policy towards Scotland? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
Northumberland ended hostilities with Scotland, removing all garrisons and restoring the border to its state prior to the actions of Henry VIII.
What complications were caused by religion for the cloth trade in the Netherlands? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
Due to Charles V’s heavy opposition to Protestantism, he issued an edict ordering the arrest of Protestants. Many cloth traders were Protestant and fled the country to England, a haven for evangelical refugees, leaving the cloth market in Antwerp to collapse.
How was English policy towards the Netherlands complicated by diplomatic tensions between the 2 countries? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
The Netherlands threatened to invade England in 1551, leading to England imposing a temporary trading embargo on the state.
When did Scotland receive French aid? What city was seized from English control to diminish Somerset’s successes? - Edwardian Foreign Policy
Scotland received 4,000 soldiers worth of French aid in 1548. They took Edinburgh from English control.
