Edward III Flashcards
When was Edward III born?
He was born 1312 and little is known of his early life
When did Edward III become king of England?
He became king of England in 1327, with his reign seeing the beginning of the Hundred Years’ War against France
In what year did Edward III declare war on Philip (a cousin of Charles IV)
He declared war on Philip in 1337
Why did Edward III declare war on Philip VI in 1337?
There were territorial and sovereignty issues between France and England. England now only controlled two areas in France, Gascony and Ponthieu and Edward III wanted to maintain that control. During this time period there was also a lot of demographic growth, overpopulation and land shortage.
Edward III also believed that he was rightful heir to the French throne after Charles IV died in 1328. When the French King declared the duchy of Gascony forfeited in 1337, Edward III answered by claiming the French throne
In what year did Edward III assume the title king of France?
1340, and this intensified territorial disputes
Was Edward III successful in the first phase of the Hundred Years’ War?
Yes
Whereabouts did Edward III lead proxy wars?
Edward III led proxy wars in Gascony and the south coast ports of England
Who was Edward III’s son
His son was Edward IV, also known as the Black Prince. He accompanied him in the battles throughout the Hundred Years’ War
When was the battle of Sluys and what was the outcome?
The Battle of Sluys occurred on the 24th June 1340 and resulted in the defeated of the French and a nine-month truce
What did Edward III do in 1342?
Edward III disembarked in Brittany however only retained Brest. He implemented the strategy of chevauchees (self sustained campaigns through systematic plundering)
When was the Battle of Crecy?
The Battle of Crecy occurred the 26th August 1346 and was a new attempt of invasion
What was the outcome of the Battle of Crecy?
The Battle of Crecy was a disaster for the French due to the superiority of the English archery
When was the siege of Calais?
August 1347
When did Edward III attempt to be crowned in Rheims?
He attempted to be crowned in Rheims in 1359
What happened on the 8th May 1360?
The Treaty of Bretigny was introduced which acknowledged full English sovereignty in Calais, Ponthieu, Poitou and enlarged Aquitaine. Edward III agreed to stop calling himself “King of France”
