EDUCATIONAL POLICY

Question 1

5 EDUCATIONAL POLICIES that SERVE the needs of the ECONOMY

Answer 1

1. VOCATIONALISM-
   targeted the needs of the economy through YTS to TARGET RAPID RISE in YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT
2. CHANGES TO POST-16 EDUCATION-
   NEW LABOUR increased school leaving age to 18, tackled the number of 16-18 yrs old who were Not in Education, Employment or Training in the early 21st Century
3. NVQ’s-
   intended to standardise VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS like PLUMBING+ CARPENTRY
4. GNVQ’s-
   delivered in the workplace equal to 2 A LEVELS, rebranded as a vocational a levels in 2001
5. REFORMS TO FURTHER EDUCATION and APPRENTICESHIPS- great in theory but are UNDERFUNDED, businesses often reject them and are HIGHLY COMPETITIVE

Question 2

5 MARKETISATION POLICIES

Answer 2

1. GRANT MAINTAINED SCHOOLS
2. OFSTED

3.ACADEMIES

4.INTRODUCTION OF UNIVERSITY TUITION FEES

5.CHANGES TO THE TYPES OF SCHOOLS UNDER 2010 COALITION

Question 3

IMPACTS of GLOBALISATION

Answer 3

1. MULTICULTRALISM-
   increase in immigration and cultural diversity has led to the development of more INCLUSIVE CURRICULUMS: BHM, CULTURE DAY.
2. INTERNATIONAL RANKINGS-
   PISA testing allows UK schools compete internationally: take MATHS, SCIENCE and ENGLISH tests and ranked globally.
3. CHANGES TO TEACHING METHODS- incorporates digital platforms like TEAMS as a source of communication between STUDENTS and TEACHER, especially useful during LOCKDOWN

Question 4

TRIPARTITE SYSTEM

Answer 4

introduced in 1944

THREE main types of SECONDARY SCHOOLS (grammar, secondary modern, secondary technical) that children are SELECTED and ALLOCATED to, according to their APTITUDED and ABILITIES (identified by the 11+ exam)

most MIDDLE CLASS pupils attend GRAMMAR SCHOOLS and most WORKING CLASS pupils attend SECONDARY MODERN

Question 5

inequalities that the TRIPARTITE SYSTEM produce

Answer 5

rather than PROMOTING MERITOCRACY, the tripartite system REPRODUCES CLASS INEQUALITY; by channelling TWO social classes into TWO different types of schools. The system also REPRODUCED GENDER INEQUALITY as GIRLS required to GAIN HIGHER marks than boys in the 11+ to obtain a grammar school place

Question 6

The COMPREHENSIVE system

Answer 6

introduced in 1965
abolished the 11+
all pupils attended the same local comprehensive school (overcome the CLASS DIVIDE made by the TRIPARTITE SYSTEM and made EDUCATION KORE MERITOCRATIC)

Question 7

CONSERVATIVE POLICIES - POST 2010

Answer 7

reflect NEO-LIBERAL thinking about REDUCING the role of the STATE, moving away from the COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM, encouraging ‘EXCELLNCE, COMPETITION, INNOVATION’ through ACADEMIES and FREE SCHOOLS

FREE SCHOOLS: state funded but ran and set up by PARENTS, TEACHERS and BUSINESSES

ACADEMIES: all schools are encouraged to become academies, some funded by privately owned chains and others by the central government

government spending cuts = sure start, EMA

Question 8

NEW LABOUR POLICIES (1997 - 2010)

Answer 8

aimed to REDUCE INEQUALITY in EDUCATION by introducing:

EDUCATION ACTION ZONES in deprived areas, providing additional resources

AIM HIGHER PROGRAMMES raising aspiration of groups who are under-represented

EDUCATION MAINTENANCE ALLOWANCE for poorer 16-18 YR OLDS to encourage them to STAY ON AFTER 16 to gain qualifications